Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 19, Problem 35CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The mechanism of repair of a thymine dimer by DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) glycosylases, AP (apurinic/apyrimydinic) endonucleases and DNA polymerases through a diagram.
Introduction:
Thymine dimers are a commonly occurring type of DNA damage which is majorly caused by exposure of DNA to UV (ultraviolet) radiation. Due to this, adjacent thymine residues form double bonds which interferes with normal
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 19.1 - 1. A mutation changes a codon that specifies...Ch. 19.1 - A down promoter mutation causes the promoter of a...Ch. 19.1 - 3. A mutation in one gene that reverses the...Ch. 19.1 - Which of the following is an example of a somatic...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 19.3 - Which of the following is not an example of a...Ch. 19.3 - A point mutation could be caused by a....Ch. 19.3 - One way that TNRE may occur involves the formation...Ch. 19.4 - Nitrous acid replaces amino groups with keto...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 2COMQ
Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 19.5 - The function of photolyase is to repair a....Ch. 19.5 - Which of the following DNA repair systems may...Ch. 19.5 - 3. In nucleotide excision repair in E. coli, the...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 19.5 - An advantage of translesion-replicating...Ch. 19 - Is each of the following mutations a transition,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 19 - What does a suppressor mutation suppress? What is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 19 - X-rays strike a chromosome in a living cell and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 7CONQCh. 19 - 8. A point mutation occurs in the middle of the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 19 - 11. Is a random mutation more likely to be...Ch. 19 - 12. Which of the following mutations could be...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13CONQCh. 19 - Discuss the consequences of a germ-line versus a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 19 - Explain how a mutagen can interfere with DNA...Ch. 19 - What type of mutation (transition, transversion,...Ch. 19 - Explain what happens to the sequence of DNA during...Ch. 19 - Distinguish between spontaneous and induced...Ch. 19 - Prob. 20CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 21CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 19 - Trinucleotide repeat expansions (TNREs) are...Ch. 19 - 24. With regard to TNRE, what is meant by the term...Ch. 19 - 25. What is the difference between the mutation...Ch. 19 - Achondroplasia is a rare form of dwarfism. It is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 27CONQCh. 19 - In the treatment of cancer, the basis for many...Ch. 19 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 19 - 30. Which of the following examples is likely to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 31CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 33CONQCh. 19 - With regard to the repair of double-strand breaks,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 35CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 36CONQCh. 19 - 37. Three common ways to repair changes in DNA...Ch. 19 - Prob. 38CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 39CONQCh. 19 - Explain how the technique of replica plating...Ch. 19 - 2. Outline how you would use the technique of...Ch. 19 - 3. From an experimental point of view, is it...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4EQCh. 19 - Prob. 5EQCh. 19 - 6. Richard Boyce and Paul Howard-Flanders...Ch. 19 - In E. coli, a variety of mutator strains have been...Ch. 19 - 2. Discuss the times in a person’s life when it is...Ch. 19 - A large amount of research is aimed at studying...
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- What are the bonds that are broken during the chemical reaction that results from the activity of DNase?arrow_forwardWhich of these two changes is more difficult for DNA repair enzymes to fix correctly? Explain why.arrow_forwardExplain why the bending of the double helix to form a superhelix falls into the area of geometry or mathematics? How does Topoisomerase I relaxes the DNA supercoils?arrow_forward
- What is meant by a primer, and why are primers necessary for DNA replication?arrow_forwardConsidering prokaryotes, what is the enzyme that helps hold DNA polymerase III in place when nucleotides are being added?arrow_forwardThe ethidium bromide added to the agarose gels intercalates within the base pairs of the DNA double helix as it travels through the gel. Exposure to UV light causes the ethidium bromide to fluoresce, thus allowing for visualization of any DNA. How might this tendency of ethidium bromide to intercalate within the DNA double helix attribute to its carcinogenic properties in living organisms?arrow_forward
- Explain why the absorption of UV light by double-stranded DNA increases (the hyperchromic effect) when the DNA is denatured.arrow_forwardExplain in not more than 5 sentences. If deoxyribonucleotides that lack the 3’-OH groups are added during the replication process, what do you expect will occur?arrow_forwardCytosine can be deaminated to form Uracil What type of mutation is this classified as? Discuss what happens to the base-pairing properties from switching from C to U? When U is replicated in two rounds of synthesis, what substitution does this result in? Before Uracil alters the DNA during replication, what repair system can be used to correct this error? Describe how this type of DNA repair works?arrow_forward
- Give the complimentary DNA strand for the following:ACG TAG CTA GTC AGT CGT AGC Give the RNA strand for the following:ACG TAG CTA GTC AGT CGT AGC Using the provided amino acid table and the RNA strand you created in #2, create the amino acid sequence: Name and explain two different ways in which DNA can be damaged. Once DNA is damaged, can we repair it? If not, what are some possible outcomes from the damaged DNA?arrow_forwardIn the following sequence, a cytosine was deaminated and is now a uracil (underlined). 5’-GGTAUTAAGC-3’ a. Which repair pathway(s) could restore this uracil to cytosine? b. If the uracil is not removed before a DNA replication fork passes through, what will be the sequences of the two resulting double helices? Provide the sequences of both strands of both helices. Label the old and new strands and underline the mutation(s). c. Could the mismatch repair pathway fix the mutations you’ve indicated in part b? d. If the cell undergoes mitosis, and the replicated DNAs are distributed into the two daughter cells. Will 0, 1, or 2 daughter cells have a mutation in this sequence?arrow_forwardWhat is an Okazaki fragment? In which strand of replicating DNA are Okazaki fragments found? Based on the properties of DNA polymerase, why is it necessary to make these fragments?arrow_forward
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