Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 19, Problem 5EQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The mutation rate in the presence and absence of mutagen, and the increase in the rate of mutation.
Introduction:
Mutation can be defined as a permanent alteration in the sequence of
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During an Ames test, bacteria were exposed to a potential mutagen.Also, as a control, another sample of bacteria was not exposedto the mutagen. In both cases, 10 million bacteria were plated andthe following results were obtained:No mutagen: 17 coloniesWith mutagen: 2017 coloniesCalculate the mutation rate in the presence and absence of the mutagen.How much does the mutagen increase the rate of mutation?
How does a mutagen induce mutation ?explain with examples?
What is the Ames test and how is it carried out? What assumption concerning mutagenicity and carcinogenicity is it based upon?
Chapter 19 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 19.1 - 1. A mutation changes a codon that specifies...Ch. 19.1 - A down promoter mutation causes the promoter of a...Ch. 19.1 - 3. A mutation in one gene that reverses the...Ch. 19.1 - Which of the following is an example of a somatic...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 19.3 - Which of the following is not an example of a...Ch. 19.3 - A point mutation could be caused by a....Ch. 19.3 - One way that TNRE may occur involves the formation...Ch. 19.4 - Nitrous acid replaces amino groups with keto...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 2COMQ
Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 3COMQCh. 19.5 - The function of photolyase is to repair a....Ch. 19.5 - Which of the following DNA repair systems may...Ch. 19.5 - 3. In nucleotide excision repair in E. coli, the...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 19.5 - An advantage of translesion-replicating...Ch. 19 - Is each of the following mutations a transition,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 19 - What does a suppressor mutation suppress? What is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 19 - X-rays strike a chromosome in a living cell and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 7CONQCh. 19 - 8. A point mutation occurs in the middle of the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 19 - 11. Is a random mutation more likely to be...Ch. 19 - 12. Which of the following mutations could be...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13CONQCh. 19 - Discuss the consequences of a germ-line versus a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 19 - Explain how a mutagen can interfere with DNA...Ch. 19 - What type of mutation (transition, transversion,...Ch. 19 - Explain what happens to the sequence of DNA during...Ch. 19 - Distinguish between spontaneous and induced...Ch. 19 - Prob. 20CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 21CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 19 - Trinucleotide repeat expansions (TNREs) are...Ch. 19 - 24. With regard to TNRE, what is meant by the term...Ch. 19 - 25. What is the difference between the mutation...Ch. 19 - Achondroplasia is a rare form of dwarfism. It is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 27CONQCh. 19 - In the treatment of cancer, the basis for many...Ch. 19 - Prob. 29CONQCh. 19 - 30. Which of the following examples is likely to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 31CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 32CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 33CONQCh. 19 - With regard to the repair of double-strand breaks,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 35CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 36CONQCh. 19 - 37. Three common ways to repair changes in DNA...Ch. 19 - Prob. 38CONQCh. 19 - Prob. 39CONQCh. 19 - Explain how the technique of replica plating...Ch. 19 - 2. Outline how you would use the technique of...Ch. 19 - 3. From an experimental point of view, is it...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4EQCh. 19 - Prob. 5EQCh. 19 - 6. Richard Boyce and Paul Howard-Flanders...Ch. 19 - In E. coli, a variety of mutator strains have been...Ch. 19 - 2. Discuss the times in a person’s life when it is...Ch. 19 - A large amount of research is aimed at studying...
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- As we described in class, in the early 1960's Francis Crick and colleagues set out to determine how many nucleotide bases make up a codon, before it was possible to sequence DNA and before Nirenberg and his colleagues solved the genetic code. To do this, they used a chemical mutagen that they knew made single nucleotide changes, used this mutagen to conduct a screen for mutations that disrupted a particular gene, and collected a number of different mutations in this gene. Briefly describe the logic they used to deduce that the codon length is 3 nucleotides long.arrow_forwardWhat is expected theoretical number of copies of DNA molecules after 28 cycles in a PCR experiment? What is the percent efficiency of the PCR experiment if the actual number of copies was 500,000,000? Show your calculationsarrow_forwardCloning Genes Is a Multistep Process In cloning human DNA, why is it necessary to insert the DNA into a vector such as a bacterial plasmid?arrow_forward
- You want to clone a 6,000 bp DNA fragment in E. coli. Which cloning vectors would be appropriate? How will you select transformants?arrow_forwardWhat is linker scanning mutagenesis?arrow_forwardFill the Table with mutagenic agents and provide their type (physical, chemical, biological) and their classification based on their effect (teratogenic, carcinogenic, clastogenic, or non-specific), together with their modes of action. Mutagen Type of Mutagen Classification based on effect Action UV – radiation X-Ray radiation Virus Heat 5-bromouracil Ethidium bromide 2-aminopurine Acridine orange Proflavine Cobalt Nickel Methylhydrazine Temozolomide Ethyl ethane sulfatearrow_forward
- During an Ames test, what does it mean when S. typhimurium is his+? A. The sample is completely safe for humans B. The sample is safe for humans but has a chance to be a mutagen C. The sample is not safe for humans and is considered a mutagen D. The sample is not safe and is hypothetically a mutagenarrow_forwardWhat is a cloning vector? Give two examples of specific DNA molecules routinely used as cloning vectors.arrow_forwardWhat is a mutagen?arrow_forward
- . In the PCR process, if we assume that each cycle takes5 minutes, how manyfold amplification would be accomplished in 1 hour?arrow_forwardWhy are X rays more potent mutagens than UV radiation?arrow_forwardIf a pair of 10-mer primers are used in a PCR, what would be the number of expected binding sites in a human genomic DNA? (You can use approximate values.)arrow_forward
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