Suppose that a pipe carrying a hot fluid with an external temperature of
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- In a thermal power plant, a vertical copper pipe of "D" diameter, "H" height and thickness 1 cm enters into the boiler that has the thermal conductivity as 0.35 W/mK. The boiler is maintained at 102C and temperature of the water that flows inside the pipe is at 25C. If the energy transfer (Q) is 119031 kJ in 7 hours. Determine the Heat transfer rate, Surface area of the pipe and Diameter & Height of the pipe, if H = 27 D.arrow_forwardIn a thermal power plant, a horizontal copper pipe of "D" diameter, "L" length and thickness 1.2 cm enters into the boiler that has the thermal conductivity as 0.37 W/mK. The boiler is maintained at 113C and temperature of the water that flows inside the pipe is at 29C. If the energy transfer (Q) is 118779 kJ in 7 hours. Calculate: 4-Length of the pipe, if D = 0.017 L. 5-Pipe Diameter (in mm)arrow_forwardA steel pipe (outside diameter 100 mm) is covered with two layers of insulation. The inside layer, 40 mm thick, has a thermal conductivity of 0.07 W/(m K). The outside layer, 20 mm thick, has a thermal conductivity of 0.15 W/(m K). The pipe is used to convey steam at a pressure of 600 kPa. The outside temperature of insulation is 24°C. If the pipe is 10 m long, determine the following, assuming the resistance to conductive heat transfer in steel pipe and convective resistance on the steam side are negligible: a. The heat loss per hour. b. The interface temperature of insulation.arrow_forward
- In a thermal power plant, a horizontal copper pipe of "D" diameter, "L" length and thickness 1.7 cm enters into the boiler that has the thermal conductivity as 0.3 W/mK. The boiler is maintained at 107degreeC and temperature of the water that flows inside the pipe is at 31degreeC. If the energy transfer (Q) is 124925 kJ in 7 hours. Determine the Heat transfer rate, Surface area of the pipe and Diameter & Length of the pipe, if D = 0.012 L.Change in Temperature (in K) Heat Transfer Rate (in W) Surface Area of the Pipe (m2) Pipe Length (in m) Pipe Diameter (in mm)arrow_forwardSteam at T1 = 320°C and h1 = 60 W/m2·°C flows in a cast iron pipe (k = 80 W/m·°C). The inner and outer diameters are D1 = 5 cm and D2 = 5.5 cm, respectively. The insulation thickness is 3-cm-glass wool insulation with k= 0.05 W/m · °C. The temp. of the surroundings at T2 = 5°C and heat transfer coefficient of h2=18 W/m2·°C. Determine 1. Heat loss from the steam per unit length of the pipe. 2. Determine the temperature at the surfaces of the pipe and the insulation.arrow_forwardCalculate the heat losses per unit length in a horizontal tube with an outside diameter of 15 cm, if its surface is kept at 400 K AND the surrounding air has a temperature of 300 K and a pressure of 1 bar.The properties of air at a pressure of 1 bar and a film temperature of 350 K are: In this case, v = 20.76 x 10-6 m2/s , α = 0.2983 x 10-4 m2/s, k = 0.03003 W/mK, Pr = 0.697, β = 2.86 x 10-3 K-1arrow_forward
- In the context of a Spark Ignition (SI) engine, consider a moment during combustion when there is a heat flux through the wall of the combustion chamber at a specific location, measured at 219 kW/m2. The gas temperature within the cylinder at this time is 2300 K, and the convection heat transfer coefficient within the cylinder is 120 W/m2⋅K. The coolant temperature is 80 °C. The thickness of the cylinder wall is 10mm with a thermal conductivity of 200 W/m⋅K. (a) Determine the temperature of the inner surface of the cylinder wall. (b) Find the temperature on the side of the cylinder wall facing the coolant. (c) Calculate the heat transfer coefficient on the coolant side of the cylinder wallarrow_forwarda. What is the heat flux, q"1 [in W/m2], at the left-hand side of layer B? Express your answer as a negative number if the heat flux goes to the left, and as a positive number if the heat flux goes to the right. b.What is the heat flux, q"2 ( in W/m2) at the right-hand side of layer B? Express your answer as a negative number if the heat flux goes to the left, and as a positive number if the heat flux goes to the right. c. What is the temperature, T1, on the left-hand side of layer B, in Celsius? d. What is the temperature, T2, on the right-hand side of layer B, in Celsius?arrow_forward10 m long pipe is being used to deliver steam through a processing plant. The inner radius of the pipe is r1 = 6 cm and the thickness of the pipe is 2 cm. Thermal conductivity k = 8 W/m⋅K and the average temperature steam flowing through the pipe is 160°C, the average convection heat transfer coefficient on the inner surface is given to be h = 20 W/m2⋅K. If the average temperature on the outer surfaces of the pipe is T2 = 70°C, (a) express the differential equation and the boundary conditions for steady operating conditions, (b) determine a relation for the variation of temperature in the pipe, and (c) evaluate the rate of heat loss (heat of conduction) from the steam through the pipe.arrow_forward
- The inner diameter of a pipe made of %1 C steel used in the drying machine of a textile factory is D1 = 160 mm and the thread diameter is D₂= 170 mm. The pipe is insulated with 25 mm thick glass wool. The heat transfer coefficient between the air and the pipe surface at 90 °C temperature inside the pipe is 80 W/m²K. The temperature of the ambient air outside the insulation is 20 °C and the air comes perpendicular to the cat wool surface at a speed of 10 m/s. Find the total heat transfer coefficient according to the inside diameter of the pipe. Calculate the heat transfer per unit length of pipe per unit time ?arrow_forwardSteam at 235°C is flowing inside a steel pipe (k = 61 W/m ∙ °C) whose inner and outer diameters are 10 cm and 12 cm, respectively, in an environment at 20°C. The heat transfer coefficients inside and outside the pipe are 105 W/m2 ∙ °C and 14 W/m2 ∙ °C, respectively. Determine (a) the thickness of the insulation (k = 0.038 W/m ∙ °C) needed to reduce the heat loss by 95 percent and (b) the thickness of the insulation needed to reduce the exposed surface temperature of insulated pipe to 40°C for safety reasons.arrow_forwardSteam passes into tubes in a heating system whose outer diameter is 3 cm and whose wall is held at a temperature of 120°C. Tubes are connected to circular aluminium alloy fins (k = 180 W/m. ° C) with an outer diameter of 6 cm and a constant thickness of 2 mm. The distance between the two fins is 3 mm and the tube length is 200 fins per meter. With h = 60 W/m2.°C, the heat is transmitted to the ambient air at 25°C. Evaluate the increase in heat transfer from the tube per meter of its length as a result of adding fins.arrow_forward
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