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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The characterization of the actin protein in terms of its function classification has to be stated.
Concept introduction: Proteins play an important role in various biochemical processes. On the basis of functions, there are several major categories of proteins such as catalytic proteins, defense proteins, transport proteins, messenger proteins, contractile proteins, structural proteins, transmembrane proteins, storage proteins, regulatory proteins, nutrient proteins, buffer proteins and fluid-balance proteins.
(b)
Interpretation: The characterization of the myoglobin protein in terms of its function classification has to be stated.
Concept introduction: Proteins play an important role in various biochemical processes. On the basis of functions, there are several major categories of proteins such as catalytic proteins, defense proteins, transport proteins, messenger proteins, contractile proteins, structural proteins, transmembrane proteins, storage proteins, regulatory proteins, nutrient proteins, buffer proteins and fluid-balance proteins.
(c)
Interpretation: The characterization of the transferrin protein in terms of its function classification has to be stated.
Concept introduction: Proteins play an important role in various biochemical processes. On the basis of functions, there are several major categories of proteins such as catalytic proteins, defence proteins, transport proteins, messenger proteins, contractile proteins, structural proteins, transmembrane proteins, storage proteins, regulatory proteins, nutrient proteins, buffer proteins and fluid-balance proteins.
(d)
Interpretation: The characterization of the insulin protein in terms of its function classification has to be stated.
Concept introduction: Proteins play an important role in various biochemical processes. On the basis of functions, there are several major categories of proteins such as catalytic proteins, defence proteins, transport proteins, messenger proteins, contractile proteins, structural proteins, transmembrane proteins, storage proteins, regulatory proteins, nutrient proteins, buffer proteins and fluid-balance proteins.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- A group of researchers have isolated three novel compounds from the venom of a newly discovered species of wasp. Based on their structure and protein chemistry, the researchers believe that all three compounds may have strong anti-inflammatory activity and they have devised an experiment to test whether their compounds can reduce muscle damage after exercise. They plan to induce muscle damage in mice by causing repeated eccentric contractions (by running them downhill on a treadmill), and then examine the amount of inflammation in the muscles of their mice 24hrs later. They will use the following treatment groups: Sample 1) no treatment (control) Sample 2) 1mg/kg of Compound ‘A’ Sample 3) 1mg/kg of Compound ‘B’, and; Sample 4) 1mg/kg of Compound ‘C’. They perform their experiment and analyse their results using ANOVA followed by a post-hoc test. The results are as follows: (IMAGE ATTCAHED) QUESTION IS: Having selected which of their compounds seems the most promising, the…arrow_forwardA group of researchers have isolated three novel compounds from the venom of a newly discovered species of wasp. Based on their structure and protein chemistry, the researchers believe that all three compounds may have strong anti-inflammatory activity and they have devised an experiment to test whether their compounds can reduce muscle damage after exercise. They plan to induce muscle damage in mice by causing repeated eccentric contractions (by running them downhill on a treadmill), and then examine the amount of inflammation in the muscles of their mice 24hrs later. They will use the following treatment groups: Sample 1) no treatment (control) Sample 2) 1mg/kg of Compound ‘A’ Sample 3) 1mg/kg of Compound ‘B’, and; Sample 4) 1mg/kg of Compound ‘C’. They perform their experiment and analyse their results using ANOVA followed by a post-hoc test. The results are as follows: (IMAGE ATTACHED) QUESTION IS: Based on this report (and assuming that none of the compounds significantly…arrow_forwardIdentify the following: a. An oxidative process that releases energy b. Cellular localization of the electron transport chain during cellular respiration. c. The number of double bonds present in the metabolic precursor of all prostaglandins.arrow_forward
- What will be the effect of the following changes to the protein structure of hemoglobin and its function? A. Replacement of the proximal histidine residue at the 8thposition of the F helix by asparagine. B. A phenylalanine to proline mutation resulting in decreased cooperativity of the polypeptide chains. C. Replacement of a nonpolar amino acid in the interior of the protein to a hydrophilic amino acid.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. heparan sulfate proteoglycans b. syndecan c. glypian d. serglycin e. mucinarrow_forwardDefine the following terms:a. homoglycanb. heteroglycanc. amylosed. amylopectine. enterocytearrow_forward
- Define the following terms: a. oxidoreductase b. lyase c. ligase d. transferase e. isomerasearrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. HSL b. CGI-58 c. fatty acid-binding protein d. β-oxidation e. carnitinearrow_forwardThe Table below shows the names of proteins whose functions are regulated through the binding of their ligands. Complete this Table by filling in the correct ligands for each of the proteins, the corresponding K, value, the affinity of this protein for its ligand and the source where the protein is found. Example Protein Avidin 1 Insulin receptor 2 Anti-HIV immunoglobulin 3 Nickel binding protein 4 Myoglobin 5 Myosin 6 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 7 Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) 8 Guanylyl cyclase Ligand Biotin Kd (M) 1 x 10-15 Affinity high Source/Organism Egg whitearrow_forward
- What is the biological function of the Neurofibromin-1 (NF1) protein?arrow_forwardList two classes of compounds derived from arachidonic acid. Suggest some reasons for the amount of biomedical research devoted to these compounds.arrow_forwardA. Which one of the following is an example of affinity chromatography? Select all that apply. a) Hormone – receptor interaction b) Enzyme – substrate interaction c) Antigen-antibody interaction d) All of the above e) Cytochrome C – DEAE matrix B. If your sepharose beads are covalently attached to adrenaline hormone, which of the following protein is most likely purified by affinity chromatography? a) Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) b) Calmodulin c) GPCR d) Protein kinase A C. Which of the following malate dehydrogenase (MDH) has a 'peptide epitope tag'? a) MDH-HA b) MDH-GST c) MDH-GFP e) All of them D. To elute target proteins from an affinity chromatography matrix, which of the following conditions would be the most appropriate? a) Low salt concentrations b) High salt concentrations c) Adding a soluble ligand that competes with the affinity tagged protein for binding to the column d) Just keep washing buffer through the column, isocratic elutionarrow_forward
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