(a)
Interpretation:
The species X is to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Fatty acid biosynthesis takes place by Claisen condensation reaction. Fatty acid degradation will be reverse of the Claisen condensation reaction. Claisen condensation is the condensation reaction of two
(b)
Interpretation:
The curved arrow mechanism for the degradation of the fatty acid is to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Fatty acid biosynthesis takes place by Claisen condensation reaction. Fatty acid degradation will be reverse of the Claisen condensation reaction. Claisen condensation is the condensation reaction of two ketone or ester groups.
(c)
Interpretation:
The relationship between the given reaction and Claisen condensation is to be stated.
Concept-Introduction:
Fatty acid biosynthesis takes place by Claisen condensation reaction. Fatty acid degradation will be reverse of the Claisen condensation reaction. Claisen condensation is the condensation reaction of two ketone or ester groups.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 22 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- One of the later steps in glucose biosynthesis is the isomerization of fructose 6-phosphate to glucose 6-phosphate. Propose a mechanism, using acid or base catalysis as needed.arrow_forwardFor the following reaction scheme, identify by drawing the reagents b, c, and e, and the intermediate d that are formed in the synthesis of the following carboxylic acid.arrow_forwardGive the expected organic product when phenylacetic acid, PhCH2COOH, is treated with reagent Q.)NaHCO3, H2Oarrow_forward
- Is the statement, squalene undergoes cyclization during cholesterol biosynthesis correct?arrow_forwardThe formation of Br2 from NBS first involves the reaction of NBS with HBr to form an iminol intermediate and molecular bromine. The intermediate then undergoes acid-catalyzed tautomerism to form succinimide, the byproduct of the reaction. Propose a curved-arrow mechanism for the conversion of NBS into succinimide that also accounts for the formation of Br2.arrow_forwardOne of the steps in the pentose phosphate pathway for glucose catabolism is the reaction of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate with glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate in the presence of a transaldolase to yield erythrose 4-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate. (a) The first part of the reaction is the formation of a protonated Schiff base of sedoheptulose 7-phosphate with a lysine residue in the enzyme followed by a retro-aldol cleavage to give an enamine plus erythrose 4-phosphate. Show the structure of the enamine and the mechanism by which it is formed. (b) The second part of the reaction is a nucleophilic addition of the enamine to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate followed by hydrolysis of the Schiff base to give fructose 6-phosphate. Show the mechanism.arrow_forward
- Using the principles for writing mechanisms and the four common mechanistic steps, write mechanisms showing all electron flow arrows for the following reaction : (a)Partial hydrolysis of acetonitrile in acidic water to create acetamide.arrow_forwardRank each of the following sets of nitrogen bases in terms of basicity and explain your answerarrow_forwardWhen the gum of the shrub Sterculia setigera is subjected to acidic hydrolysis, one of the water-soluble components of thehydrolysate is found to be tagatose. The following information is known about tagatose:(1) Molecular formula C6H12O6(2) Undergoes mutarotation.(3) Does not react with bromine water.(4) Reduces Tollens reagent to give d-galactonic acid and d-talonic acid.(5) Methylation of tagatose (using excess CH3 I and Ag2O) followed by acidic hydrolysis gives1,3,4,5-tetra-O-methyltagatose.(a) Draw a Fischer projection structure for the open-chain form of tagatose.(b) Draw the most stable conformation of the most stable cyclic hemiacetal form of tagatosearrow_forward
- 3. Obtain acetophenone and acetaldehyde by reaction of glycols with periodic acid. Justify your answer with the reaction mechanism.arrow_forwardGive the expected organic product when phenylacetic acid, PhCH2COOH, is treated with reagent Q.)NaOH, H2Oarrow_forwardThe compound acetophenone has a very similar molar mass to that of benzoic acid and benzamide. However, acetophenone has a much lower m.p. (20 °C) than both such that, by contrast, it is a liquid at room temperature. By considering intermolecular forces and comparing functional group structure, account for this big difference in physical properties.arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning