Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The curve arrow mechanism which includes the formation of enamine X is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The nucleophilic substitution reactions are the reactions in which one nucleophile attacks the electrophilic centre and eliminates another group in the compound. These reactions depend upon the nucleophilicity and concentration of the nucleophile.
The
The
(b)
Interpretation:
The curve arrow mechanism for the conversion of enamine X to the given product is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
In Aldol condensation reaction, the base abstracts an acidic proton from the carbon atom to form enolate. This enolate or enol reacts with carbonyl compound that leads to the formation of
The Aldol condensation reaction that takes place within the molecule in presence of strong base is known as intramolecular aldol reactions. This reaction takes place within the dicarbonyl compounds in which one carbonyl group forms the enolate that acts as a nucleophile and reacts with second carbonyl group which acts as electrophile.
(c)
Interpretation:
The hydrolysis mechanism for the reaction that gives the ketone and generates the catalyst is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The chemical process in which the water molecule is added is known as hydrolysis. The process of hydrolysis prefers acidic condition. The addition of water molecule results in the cleavage of two or more bonds. The water molecule acts as a nucleophile in various reactions such as substitution, elimination and fragmentation reaction.
The products of hydrolysis of imines are carbonyls and amines.
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Organic Chemistry
- Propose a mechanism for the following transformation and name the reaction that takes place.arrow_forwardThe hydrolysis of the ester shown here is catalyzed by morpholine. Explain how morpholine catalyzes the reaction.arrow_forwardPredict the structures and show the mechanism of formation of compounds A and B.You can skip the mechanism of ester hydrolysis.arrow_forward
- Propose a mechanism for the following transformation which occurs in this reaction? (provided in the image)arrow_forwardProvide the mechanism for the following reactions.arrow_forwardCan you select the answers in each bracket? The imine functionality is similar to [ carbonyl / nucleophile / acid / amine] meaning that it can react as [ electrophile / nucleophile / proton acceptor / proton donor ] if paired with [ electrophile / nucleophile / acid / base ] . Similarly to, [ carbonyls / enols / alkenes/ bases ], enamines will undergo alpha substitutions when paired with [ electrophile / nucleophile / acid / base ] .arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning