Concept explainers
Derive the amino acid sequence that is coded for by each mRNA sequence.
- 5 CCA ACC UGG GUA GA,A 3
- 5 AUG UUU UUA UGG UGG 3
- 5 GUC GAC GAA CCG CAA 3
(a)
Interpretation:
Amino acid sequence responsible for the 5 CCA ACC UGG GUA GAA 3 mRNA code should be derived.
Concept Introduction:
Genetic code − DNA and RNA transform genetic information of the living cells through triplet code, which is a sequence of three nucleotides on DNA or RNA molecules codes for a specific amino acid in protein synthesis.
Answer to Problem 59P
Pro-Thr-Trp-Val-Glu
Explanation of Solution
Codons are written from 5 prime end (5) to 3 prime end (3) of mRNA. There is a unique triplet representation for a particular amino acid. Below mentioned table represent the relationship between nucleotides and amino acids.
The Genetic Code- Triplets in Messenger RNA
First Base (5' end) | Second Base | Third Base (3' end) | |||||||
U | C | A | G | ||||||
U | UUU | Phe | UCU | Ser | UAU | Tyr | UGU | Cys | U |
UUC | Phe | UCC | Ser | UAC | Tyr | UGC | Cys | C | |
UUA | Leu | UCA | Ser | UAA | Stop | UGA | Stop | A | |
UUG | Leu | UCG | Ser | UAG | Stop | UGG | Trp | G | |
C | CUU | Leu | CCU | Pro | CAU | His | CGU | Arg | U |
CUC | Leu | CCC | Pro | CAC | His | CGC | Arg | C | |
CUA | Leu | CCA | Pro | CAA | Gln | CGA | Arg | A | |
CUG | Leu | CCG | Pro | CAG | Gln | CGG | Arg | G | |
A | AUU | Ile | ACU | Thr | AAU | Asn | AGU | Ser | U |
AUC | Ile | ACC | Thr | AAC | Asn | AGC | Ser | C | |
AUA | Ile | ACA | Thr | AAA | Lys | AGA | Arg | A | |
AUG | Met | ACG | Thr | AAG | Lys | AGG | Arg | G | |
G | GUU | Val | GCU | Ala | GAU | Asp | GGU | Gly | U |
GUC | Val | GCC | Ala | GAC | Asp | GGC | Gly | C | |
GUA | Val | GCA | Ala | GAA | Glu | GGA | Gly | A | |
GUG | Val | GCG | Ala | GAG | Glu | GGG | Gly | G |
According to the above table; one amino acid has several triplets, but triplet code is unique for an amino acid.CCA triplet is unique for Proline.ACC triplet is unique for Threonine. UGG triplet is unique for Tryptophan.GUA triplet is unique for Valine.
Therefore, Pro-Thr-Trp-Val-Glu is the amino acid sequence for 5 CCA ACC UGG GUA GAA 3.
(b)
Interpretation:
Amino acid sequence responsible for the 5 AUG UUU UUA UGG UGG 3 mRNA code should be derived.
Concept Introduction:
Genetic code − DNA and RNA transform genetic information of the living cells through triplet code, which is a sequence of three nucleotides on DNA or RNA molecules codes for a specific amino acid in protein synthesis.
Answer to Problem 59P
Met-Phe-Leu-Trp-Trp
Explanation of Solution
Codons are written from 5 prime ends (5) to 3 prime ends (3) of mRNA. There is a unique triplet representation for a particular amino acid. The below-mentioned table represents the relationship between nucleotides and amino acids.
The Genetic Code- Triplets in Messenger RNA
First Base (5' end) | Second Base | Third Base (3' end) | |||||||
U | C | A | G | ||||||
U | UUU | Phe | UCU | Ser | UAU | Tyr | UGU | Cys | U |
UUC | Phe | UCC | Ser | UAC | Tyr | UGC | Cys | C | |
UUA | Leu | UCA | Ser | UAA | Stop | UGA | Stop | A | |
UUG | Leu | UCG | Ser | UAG | Stop | UGG | Trp | G | |
C | CUU | Leu | CCU | Pro | CAU | His | CGU | Arg | U |
CUC | Leu | CCC | Pro | CAC | His | CGC | Arg | C | |
CUA | Leu | CCA | Pro | CAA | Gln | CGA | Arg | A | |
CUG | Leu | CCG | Pro | CAG | Gln | CGG | Arg | G | |
A | AUU | Ile | ACU | Thr | AAU | Asn | AGU | Ser | U |
AUC | Ile | ACC | Thr | AAC | Asn | AGC | Ser | C | |
AUA | Ile | ACA | Thr | AAA | Lys | AGA | Arg | A | |
AUG | Met | ACG | Thr | AAG | Lys | AGG | Arg | G | |
G | GUU | Val | GCU | Ala | GAU | Asp | GGU | Gly | U |
GUC | Val | GCC | Ala | GAC | Asp | GGC | Gly | C | |
GUA | Val | GCA | Ala | GAA | Glu | GGA | Gly | A | |
GUG | Val | GCG | Ala | GAG | Glu | GGG | Gly | G |
According to the above table; one amino acid has several triplets, but triplet code is unique for an amino acid. AUG triplet is unique for Methionine. UUU triplet is unique for Phenylalanine.UUA triplet is unique for Leucine.UGG triplet is unique for Tryptophan.
Therefore, Met-Phe-Leu-Trp-Trp is the amino acid sequence for 5 AUG UUU UUA UGG UGG 3.
(c)
Interpretation:
Amino acid sequence responsible for the 5 GGG UGU AUG CAC CGA UUG 3 mRNA code should be derived.
Concept Introduction:
Genetic code − DNA and RNA transform genetic information of the living cells through triplet code, which is a sequence of three nucleotides on DNA or RNA molecules codes for a specific amino acid in protein synthesis.
Answer to Problem 59P
Val-Asp-Glu-Pro-Glu
Explanation of Solution
Codons are written from 5 prime ends (5) to 3 prime ends (3) of mRNA. There is a unique triplet representation for a particular amino acid. The below-mentioned table represents the relationship between nucleotides and amino acids.
The Genetic Code- Triplets in Messenger RNA
First Base (5' end) | Second Base | Third Base (3' end) | |||||||
U | C | A | G | ||||||
U | UUU | Phe | UCU | Ser | UAU | Tyr | UGU | Cys | U |
UUC | Phe | UCC | Ser | UAC | Tyr | UGC | Cys | C | |
UUA | Leu | UCA | Ser | UAA | Stop | UGA | Stop | A | |
UUG | Leu | UCG | Ser | UAG | Stop | UGG | Trp | G | |
C | CUU | Leu | CCU | Pro | CAU | His | CGU | Arg | U |
CUC | Leu | CCC | Pro | CAC | His | CGC | Arg | C | |
CUA | Leu | CCA | Pro | CAA | Gln | CGA | Arg | A | |
CUG | Leu | CCG | Pro | CAG | Gln | CGG | Arg | G | |
A | AUU | Ile | ACU | Thr | AAU | Asn | AGU | Ser | U |
AUC | Ile | ACC | Thr | AAC | Asn | AGC | Ser | C | |
AUA | Ile | ACA | Thr | AAA | Lys | AGA | Arg | A | |
AUG | Met | ACG | Thr | AAG | Lys | AGG | Arg | G | |
G | GUU | Val | GCU | Ala | GAU | Asp | GGU | Gly | U |
GUC | Val | GCC | Ala | GAC | Asp | GGC | Gly | C | |
GUA | Val | GCA | Ala | GAA | Glu | GGA | Gly | A | |
GUG | Val | GCG | Ala | GAG | Glu | GGG | Gly | G |
According to the above table; one amino acid has several triplets, but triplet code is unique for an amino acid. GUC triplet is unique for Valine. GAC triplet is unique for Aspartic acid. GAA triplet is unique for Glutamic acid. CCG triplet is unique for Proline. CAA triplet is unique for Glutamic acid.
Therefore, Val-Asp-Glu-Pro-Glu is the amino acid sequence for 5 GGG UGU AUG CAC CGA UUG 3.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 22 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
- Consider the following mRNA base sequence 5ACCCAC3 a. What dipeptide is coded for by this mRNA? b. What dipeptide is formed if a point mutation converts CAC to AAC? c. What dipeptide is formed if a point mutation converts ACC to ACU? d. What dipeptide is formed if a point mutation converts CAC to AAC and ACC to ACU?arrow_forwardConsider the following mRNA base sequence 5CUUCAG3 a. What dipeptide is coded for by this mRNA? b. What dipeptide is formed if a point mutation converts CUU to CUC? c. What dipeptide is formed if a point mutation converts CAG to AAG? d. What dipeptide is formed if a point mutation converts CUU to CUC and CAG to AAG?arrow_forward3. Which amino acid is selected by the mRNA codon GAA? alanine glutamic acid histidine tyrosinearrow_forward
- What mRNA base sequence, specified in the 5-to-3 direction, would be obtained from the following portion of a gene?arrow_forwardPredict the sequence of amino acids coded by the mRNA sequence 5AUGAAAGAAGACCUA3arrow_forwardFor each of the following DNA template strands, determine (1) the base sequence of the DNA informational strand and (2) the base sequence of the hnRNA synthesized using the DNA template strand. Specify base sequences in the 5-to-3 direction. a. 3 TACGGC 5 b. 3 CCATTA 5 c. 3 ACATGG 5 d. 3 ACGTAC 5arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning