Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188138
Author: Peter H Raven, George B Johnson Professor, Kenneth A. Mason Dr. Ph.D., Jonathan Losos Dr., Susan Singer
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 7U
In a paraphyletic group
a. all species are more closely related to each other than they are to a species outside the group.
b. evolutionary reversal is common.
c. polyphyly also usually occurs.
d. some species are more closely related to species outside the group than they are to some species within the group.
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Monophyletic groups are desirable in classification as they
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A monophyletic group is a ________. a. phylogenetic tree b. shared derived trait c. character state d. clade
Chapter 23 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 23 - Overall similarity of phenotypes may not always...Ch. 23 - a. is based on overall similarity of phenotypes....Ch. 23 - The principle of parsimony a. helps evolutionary...Ch. 23 - Parsimony suggests that parental care in birds,...Ch. 23 - The forelimb of a bird and the forelimb of a...Ch. 23 - In order to determine polarity for different...Ch. 23 - In a paraphyletic group a. all species are more...Ch. 23 - A paraphyletic group includes a. an ancestor and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9UCh. 23 - A taxonomic group that contains species that have...
Ch. 23 - Rapid rates of character change relative to the...Ch. 23 - Species recognized by the phylogenetic species...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1SCh. 23 - Identifying outgroups is a central component of...Ch. 23 - As noted in your reading, cladistics is a widely...Ch. 23 - Across many species of limpets, loss of larval...Ch. 23 - Birds, pterosaurs (a type of flying reptile that...Ch. 23 - AID:1825 | 10/04/2018 6. In what sense does the...
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- A taxonomic group that contains species that have similar phenotypes due to convergent evolution is a. paraphyletic. b. monophyletic. c. polyphyletic. d. a good cladistic group.arrow_forwardA monophyletic group is a ______. a. phylogenetic tree b. shared derived trait c. character state d. cladearrow_forwardWhich assumption of cladistics is stated incorrectly? a. Living things are related by descent from a common ancestor. b. Speciation can produce one, two, or three new species. c. Traits change from one state to another. d. The polarity of a character state change can be determined.arrow_forward
- The approach to estimating phylogenetic trees is most like the approach of which species concept? 2) A) Morphological species concept B) Biological species conceptC) Subspecies concept D) Phylogenetic species concept Then explain why the answer is correct and the rest are inccorect.arrow_forwardWhich assumption of cladistics is stated incorrectly?a. Living things are related by descent from a common ancestor.b. Speciation can produce one, two, or three new species.c. Traits change from one state to another.d. The polarity of a character state change can be determined.arrow_forwardExplain your answer in some depth and avoid just saying "It is A" or It is B. Defend your answer and explain why you choice that answer choice. Question: Domestic dogs would least likely meet the definition of a single species using which concept? Group of answer choices A) Lineage B) Biological C) Morphological D) Domestic dogs are not a single species according to any of the species concept definitions.arrow_forward
- A clade is_____ . a. defined by a derived character c. a hypothesis b. a monophyletic group d. all of the abovearrow_forwardParaphyletic groups... A. represent the most recent common ancestor and all of the descendants B. Are a potential consequence of secondary loss of a trait C. Are often created when attempting to build phylogenies for species that have undergone convergent evolution D. Are more likely when making trees using the biological species conceptarrow_forwardA- species A and B are considered sister taxa B- A trait unique to species G is best described as a plesiomoephy among all taxa C- A trait unique to species K and L is best described as an apomorphy among all taxa D- A trait in common between species E, F, and G would make them a monophyletic grouparrow_forward
- Based on cladistic analysis: a. paraphyletic and monophyletic groups are equally valid. b. a shared derived trait that unites birds is feathers. c. it is generally easier to identify the later as compared to the earlier members of a natural group. d. Two of the above are correct. e. None of the above is correct.arrow_forwardWhat kind of trait is important to cladistics? a. shared derived traits b. shared ancestral traits c. analogous traits d. parsimonious traitsarrow_forwardUse the data below to make a Phylogenetic tree AND after circle the different different clades/monophyletic group (many will overlap and that’s okay)arrow_forward
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