Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188138
Author: Peter H Raven, George B Johnson Professor, Kenneth A. Mason Dr. Ph.D., Jonathan Losos Dr., Susan Singer
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 23, Problem 3A
Species recognized by the phylogenetic species concept
a. sometimes also would be recognized as species by the biological species concept.
b. are sometimes paraphyletic.
c. are characterized by symplesiomorphies.
d. are more frequent in plants than in animals.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Paraphyletic groups...
A. represent the most recent common ancestor and all of the descendants
B. Are a potential consequence of secondary loss of a trait
C. Are often created when attempting to build phylogenies for species that have undergone convergent evolution
D. Are more likely when making trees using the biological species concept
Which of the following is TRUE about a phylogenetic tree?
It provides a drawing the reflects the proven relationships between living and extinct species.
b
It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between extinct species.
c
It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between living and extinct species.
d
It a diagram used by scientists that provides a model of evolutionary relationships without the need for scientific data.
What is the phylogenetic definition of a species?
A) A group of individuals that can breed and produce viable offspring
B) A group of interbreeding individuals that share the same environment
C) A group of individuals that share a common ancestor
Chapter 23 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 23 - Overall similarity of phenotypes may not always...Ch. 23 - a. is based on overall similarity of phenotypes....Ch. 23 - The principle of parsimony a. helps evolutionary...Ch. 23 - Parsimony suggests that parental care in birds,...Ch. 23 - The forelimb of a bird and the forelimb of a...Ch. 23 - In order to determine polarity for different...Ch. 23 - In a paraphyletic group a. all species are more...Ch. 23 - A paraphyletic group includes a. an ancestor and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9UCh. 23 - A taxonomic group that contains species that have...
Ch. 23 - Rapid rates of character change relative to the...Ch. 23 - Species recognized by the phylogenetic species...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1SCh. 23 - Identifying outgroups is a central component of...Ch. 23 - As noted in your reading, cladistics is a widely...Ch. 23 - Across many species of limpets, loss of larval...Ch. 23 - Birds, pterosaurs (a type of flying reptile that...Ch. 23 - AID:1825 | 10/04/2018 6. In what sense does the...
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- People studying fossils have to employ which of the following species concepts? a. The Morphospecies Concept b. The Biological Species Concept c. The Phylogenetic Species Concept d. The Physical Species Conceptarrow_forwardIn a paraphyletic group a. all species are more closely related to each other than they are to a species outside the group. b. evolutionary reversal is common. c. polyphyly also usually occurs. d. some species are more closely related to species outside the group than they are to some species within the group.arrow_forwardIn a phylogenetic tree, Species 1 and 2 are distantly related to one another but are both darkly pigmented. Species 3 which is unpigmented is a sister taxon to Species 2. The common ancestor to all three species is darkly pigmented; thus, this trait in the phylogeny is considered to be a - A. homoplasy. B. synapomorphy. C. apomorphy. D. symplesiomorphy.arrow_forward
- A monophyletic group is a ______. a. phylogenetic tree b. shared derived trait c. character state d. cladearrow_forwardWhich of the following are true about outgroups? a. They help identify plesiomorphic traits in the phylogeny b. They are a taxa that is known to not be within the species group in question c. They do not have any autapomorphic traits d. They are less evolved than the species of interestarrow_forwardIn order to determine polarity for different states of a character a. there must be a fossil record of the groups in question. b. genetic sequence data must be available. c. an appropriate name for the taxonomic group must be selected. d. an outgroup must be identified.arrow_forward
- Distinguish between morphological, phylogenetic, and biological species concepts. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? What notion is common to each of the species definitions that we considered?arrow_forwardWhat pattern of speciation is illustrated by the development of the allopolyploid species? A. allopatric speciation B. sympatric speciation C. cladopatric speciation D. anapatric speciationarrow_forwardA study of two populations of similar organisms determined that the two populations were different species using the phylogenetic species concept. Is it possible for the two populations to also be defined as two different species using the biological species concept? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Monophyletic groups are desirable in classification as they Select one: a.reflect evolutionary relationships b. minimise name changes from old to new classifications c. result in fewer groups and are therefore more parsimoniousarrow_forwardQ1: It is a group descending from one common ancestor A. Monophyletic B. Polyphyletic C. Periphyletic D. Paraphyletic Q2: It is a group descending from more than one ancestors A. Monophyletic B. Periphyletic C. Paraphyletic D. Polyphyletic Q3: Which of the following characters is not homologous to a bird’s wings? A. A human’s limbs B. A butterfly’s wings C. A bat’s wings D. A whale’s flippersarrow_forwardWhy do scientists apply the concept of maximum parsimony? a. to decipher accurate phylogenies b. to eliminate analogous traits c. to identify mutations in DNA codes d. to locate homoplasiesarrow_forward
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