Concept explainers
(a)
To explain: The DNA species in the two bands.
Introduction: DNA is negatively charged. Gel electrophoresis is used to separate the DNA fragments under the influence of electric field. They move rapidly toward the positively charged electrode. DNA fragments are separated by size and form distinct bands on the gel.
(b)
To explain: The effect of topoisomerase I on the upper and lower bands after electrophoresis, when it was added to the DNA solution.
Introduction: DNA is negatively charged. Gel electrophoresis is used to separate the DNA fragments under the influence of electric field. They move rapidly toward the positively charged electrode. DNA fragments are separated by size and form distinct bands on the gel.
(c)
To explain: The effect of DNA ligase on the appearance of bands, if it is added to the DNA solution.
Introduction: DNA is negatively charged. Gel electrophoresis is used to separate the DNA fragments under the influence of electric field. They move rapidly toward the positively charged electrode. DNA fragments are separated by size and form distinct bands on the gel.
(d)
To explain: The way through which the band pattern would change, if DNA gyrase and ATP were added to the DNA solution after addition of DNA ligase.
Introduction: DNA is negatively charged. Gel electrophoresis is used to separate the DNA fragments under the influence of electric field. They move rapidly toward the positively charged electrode. DNA fragments are separated by size and form distinct bands on the gel.
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