BIOLOGY VOL. II
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781308795317
Author: Raven
Publisher: Mcgraw-Hill/Create
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Chapter 25, Problem 4A
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Mutation is the unpredictable change in
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For a haploid fungus, the starting point in the biosynthesis of the amino acid
arginine is Compound X, which is always present in and absorbed from the
environment. The arginine biosynthetic pathway is:
Enzyme A
Enzyme B
Enzyme Ç
Compound X
It is know that genes encoding enzymes A and C are on two different
chromosomes.
Compound Y
Compound Z-
Arginine
A mutant strain of genotype a (lacking only enzyme A) is crossed to a mutant strain
of genotype c (lacking only enzyme C) to generate a diploid strain. Sporulation (i.e.
meiosis) is subsequently induced in the resulting diploid strain. What proportion of
the spores (haploids formed by sporulation) is expected to grow on medium without
arginine but supplemented with Compound Y?
O 100%
50%
0%
25%
The figure below shows the life cycle of the fungus Neurospora. The adult stage of the Neurospora is a multicellular haploid.
b) Neurospora has an arginine amino acid synthesis pathway shown below. Suppose I take the strain above that only grows with arginine supplements and cross it to a different mutant Neurospora strain that grows with arginine and citrulline supplements but not with ornithine supplements. Assuming gens A, B, and C are unlinked and there is only one mutation per stain:
What percentage of the progeny will grow on ornithine?
What percentage on citrulline?
What percentage on arginine?
Proteins A,B,C, and D in the diagram are encoded by different genes and interact
with each other. Imagine that a mutation in the gene for protein A changes one of the
charged amino acid in the red circle area from positive to negative charge (blue
arrow). this mutation results in a mutant phenotype. Assume a mutation in the gene
for protein B occurs and the double mutants have a phenotype that is almost wild
type. How would you best describe the mutation in gene B?
Protein C
Proten A
Protein B
Protein B
Wild type
Mutation in the gene for protein A
Chapter 25 Solutions
BIOLOGY VOL. II
Ch. 25 - Heterochrony is a. the alteration of the spatial...Ch. 25 - Vast differences in the phenotypes of organisms as...Ch. 25 - Homoplastic structures a can Involve convergence...Ch. 25 - Hox genes are a. found in both plants and animals....Ch. 25 - The Brachyury and Thx5 in vertebrates and the Ap3...Ch. 25 - Which of the following statements about Pax6 is...Ch. 25 - Which of the following statements about TbxS is...Ch. 25 - Prob. 8UCh. 25 - Transcription factors are a. genes. b. sequences...Ch. 25 - Independently derived mutations of the CTC gene in...
Ch. 25 - Prob. 1ACh. 25 - Prob. 2ACh. 25 - The Eda allele that causes reduced armor...Ch. 25 - Prob. 4ACh. 25 - The paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 1...Ch. 25 - From the chapter on evolution of development it...Ch. 25 - Phenotypic diversity among major groups of...Ch. 25 - Critique the argument that eyes have multiple...Ch. 25 - Prob. 5SCh. 25 - Having read all of this chapter return to the clam...
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- A gene contains the sequence CGCATACGGTAC that results in the amino acid sequence arg-ile-arg- tyr. A mutation in this gene has a G inserted after the second C in the strand. How will this mutation affect the phenotype? A:This will affect the phenotype because although most of the protein will be identical, the first amino acid will be different. B:This will not affect the phenotype because only the second amino acid is different from the original protein. C:This will not affect the phenotype because the protein will be identical to the original protein. D:This will affect the phenotvpe because all of the amino acids after the first one will be different from he original protein.arrow_forwardAntibiotics such as chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and erythromycin inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria, but have no effect on the synthesis of proteins encoded by eukaryotic nuclear genes. Cycloheximide inhibits the synthesis of proteins encoded by nuclear genes, but has no effect on bacterial protein synthesis. How might these compounds be used to determine which proteins are encoded by mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes?arrow_forwardThe mitochondrial genome of Chlamydomonas contains the lowest number of genes, 12, of all the species of green algae. However, only 7 proteins are produced inside these mitochondria. Which of the following statements is the best explanation for why only 7 proteins are made from the 12 genes In Chlamydomonas mitochondria? OA Five of the genes are redundant; another copy is expressed from the nuclear genome.. OB. Five of the genes are nonfunctional "pseudogenes". OC Five of the genes are transcribed, but not translated. OD. Five of the genes are coding for proteins that are translated in the cytoplasm. Reset Selectionarrow_forward
- In times of nutrient stress, the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum develops one of two cell types: pre-stalk and pre-spore. Scientists studying this development discovered that the pH of individual cells regulates the type of cell that is formed. Which of the following claims could scientists make about how environmental cues affect the gene expression of Dictyostelium discoideum? A - A response to nutrient deprivation leads to a change in pH that causes mutation in the cells, forming the different cell types. B - A response to nutrient deprivation leads to a change in pH that disrupts the cells, forcing them to develop into certain cell types. C - A response to environmental stress leads to a change in pH that triggers transcription factors to differentiate the cell type that will be formed. D - A response to environmental stress leads to a change in pH and a decrease in transcription factors that differentiate the cell type that will be formed.arrow_forwardThe gene known to be mutated in cases of Agammaglobulinemia 2 (which is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern) is the immunoglobulin lambda like polypeptide 1 (IGLL1 ENSG00000128322). What is known about the gene is recorded here: http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000128322;r=22:23573125-23580302 Please navigate to the link above to answer the following question: Using the left-hand menu to view the sequence for IGLL1, what are the last 12 nucleic acid bases of exon 1?arrow_forwardThe gene known to be mutated in cases of Agammaglobulinemia 2 (which is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern) is the immunoglobulin lambda like polypeptide 1 (IGLL1 ENSG00000128322). What is known about the gene is recorded here: http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000128322;r=22:23573125-23580302 Please navigate to the link above and click, 'show transcript table', to answer the following question: What is the size in amino acid residues of the IGLL1 transcript named IGLL1-203? NOTE: Please give your answer as a number, not a word, and do not type the units.arrow_forward
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