Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The initiation sequence, a control segment of DNA has to be accounted.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of
RNA synthesis: The process of RNA synthesis is Transcription. A small section of DNA unwinds, only one of the two strands act as template and the other strand as informational strand. The complementary bases are attached one by one by the action of RNA polymerase at template strand on moving down. The newly generated RNA is the exact copy of the informational strand, with the exception that a U replaces each T in the template DNA. The RNA synthesised carries genetic information and directs protein synthesis.
Replication of DNA: The process by which copies of DNA are made when a cell divides.
(b)
Interpretation:
The informational strand of DNA has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of nucleic acid: Nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. Two nucleotides are joined by phosphate diester linkage where a free phosphate on 5’ carbon of one nucleotide and a free –OH group on 3’ carbon of another nucleotide is linked.
Replication of DNA: The process by which copies of DNA are made when a cell divides.
RNA synthesis: The process of RNA synthesis is Transcription. A small section of DNA unwinds, only one of the two strands act as template and the other strand as informational strand. The complementary bases are attached one by one by the action of RNA polymerase at template strand on moving down. The newly generated RNA is the exact copy of the informational strand, with the exception that a U replaces each T in the template DNA. The RNA synthesised carries genetic information and directs protein synthesis.
(c)
Interpretation:
The template strand of DNA has to be accounted.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of nucleic acid: Nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. Two nucleotides are joined by phosphate diester linkage where a free phosphate on 5’ carbon of one nucleotide and a free –OH group on 3’ carbon of another nucleotide is linked.
RNA synthesis: The process of RNA synthesis is Transcription. A small section of DNA unwinds, only one of the two strands act as template and the other strand as informational strand. The complementary bases are attached one by one by the action of RNA polymerase at template strand on moving down. The newly generated RNA is the exact copy of the informational strand, with the exception that a U replaces each T in the template DNA. The RNA synthesised carries genetic information and directs protein synthesis.
Replication of DNA: The process by which copies of DNA are made when a cell divides.
(d)
Interpretation:
The end of the sequence (termination sequence) has to be accounted.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of nucleic acid: Nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. Two nucleotides are joined by phosphate diester linkage where a free phosphate on 5’ carbon of one nucleotide and a free –OH group on 3’ carbon of another nucleotide is linked.
RNA synthesis: The process of RNA synthesis is Transcription. A small section of DNA unwinds, only one of the two strands act as template and the other strand as informational strand. The complementary bases are attached one by one by the action of RNA polymerase at template strand on moving down. The newly generated RNA is the exact copy of the informational strand, with the exception that a U replaces each T in the template DNA. The RNA synthesised carries genetic information and directs protein synthesis.
Replication of DNA: The process by which copies of DNA are made when a cell divides.
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