General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259883989
Author: by Janice Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2.7, Problem 2.14PP
Determine the number of valence electrons and give the electronic configuration of the valence electrons of each element:
(a) Fluorine; (b) krypton; (c) magnesium; (d) germanium.
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Boron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively.(a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B? (b) Drawthe orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons? (c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons inboron differ from its 2s electrons. (d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation forthe reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas. (e) ΔHf° for BF31g2 is -1135.6 kJ>mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in thereaction of boron with fluorine. (f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?
Atoms of which group in the periodic table have a valence shell electron configuration of
ns1?
Boron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively.
(a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B?
(b) Draw the orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons?
(c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons in boron differ from its 2s electrons.
(d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas.
(e) ΔHf° for BF3(g) is -1135.6 kj/mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in the reaction of boron with fluorine.
(f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?
Chapter 2 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
Ch. 2.1 - Give the symbol for each element. a. calcium, a...Ch. 2.1 - Give the name corresponding to each element...Ch. 2.1 - Locate each element in the periodic table and...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 2.4PCh. 2.1 - Identify the elements used ineach example of...Ch. 2.1 - Identify the elements in each chemical formula,...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 2.6PCh. 2.1 - Prob. 2.2PPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 2.3PPCh. 2.2 - Prob. 2.4PP
Ch. 2.2 - For the given atom: (a) determine the number of...Ch. 2.2 - How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are...Ch. 2.2 - What is the mass number of an atom that contains...Ch. 2.3 - For each atom give the following information: [1]...Ch. 2.3 - Write an isotope symbol for the isotope of...Ch. 2.3 - Magnesium has three isotopes that contain 12, 13,...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 2.9PPCh. 2.3 - Calculate the atomic weight of each element given...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 2.9PCh. 2.4 - Label each macronutrient in Figure 2.2 in the...Ch. 2.4 - Identify the element fitting each description. an...Ch. 2.4 - Identify each highlighted element in the periodic...Ch. 2.5 - How many electrons are present in each shell,...Ch. 2.6 - What element has each electronic configuration? a....Ch. 2.6 - What element(s) in the first and second period fit...Ch. 2.6 - Draw an orbital diagram for each element; (a)...Ch. 2.6 - Give the electronic configuration for each element...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 2.13PPCh. 2.7 - Determine the number of valence electrons and give...Ch. 2.7 - Give the electron-dot symbol for each element: (a)...Ch. 2.8 - Which element in each pair has the larger atomic...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.16PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.17PPCh. 2.8 - (a) Which of the indicated atoms has the smaller...Ch. 2 - Identify the elements used in each example of...Ch. 2 - Write a chemical formula for each example of...Ch. 2 - Give the name of the elements in each group of...Ch. 2 - What element(s) are designated by each symbol or...Ch. 2 - Does each chemical formula represent an element or...Ch. 2 - Identify the elements in each chemical formula and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 23PCh. 2 - Prob. 24PCh. 2 - Give all of the terms that apply to each...Ch. 2 - Give all of the terms that apply to each...Ch. 2 - Give the following information about the atom...Ch. 2 - Give the following information about the atom...Ch. 2 - Prob. 29PCh. 2 - Prob. 30PCh. 2 - Prob. 31PCh. 2 - Consider the four atoms-L, M, N, and X- with the...Ch. 2 - Label each region on the periodic table. Noble...Ch. 2 - Identify each highlighted element in the periodic...Ch. 2 - Prob. 35PCh. 2 - Prob. 36PCh. 2 - Prob. 37PCh. 2 - Prob. 38PCh. 2 - Prob. 39PCh. 2 - Complete the followin table for the two most...Ch. 2 - How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are...Ch. 2 - Give the number of protons, neutrons, and...Ch. 2 - Write the element symbol that fits each...Ch. 2 - Write the element symbol that fits each...Ch. 2 - Calculate the atomic weight of silver, which has...Ch. 2 - Calculate the atomic weight of antimony, which has...Ch. 2 - Prob. 47PCh. 2 - What is the maximum number of electrons that can...Ch. 2 - Prob. 49PCh. 2 - Use an orbital diagram to write the electronic...Ch. 2 - Prob. 51PCh. 2 - For each element in Problem 2.50: (a) Write out...Ch. 2 - Prob. 53PCh. 2 - Prob. 54PCh. 2 - Give the total number of electrons, the number of...Ch. 2 - Give the total number of electrons, the number of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 57PCh. 2 - Prob. 58PCh. 2 - Prob. 59PCh. 2 - Prob. 60PCh. 2 - Prob. 61PCh. 2 - Which of the following orbital diagrams are...Ch. 2 - Prob. 63PCh. 2 - Prob. 64PCh. 2 - Prob. 65PCh. 2 - Write an electron-dot symbol for each element: (a)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 67PCh. 2 - Prob. 68PCh. 2 - Prob. 69PCh. 2 - Prob. 70PCh. 2 - Prob. 71PCh. 2 - For each pair of elements in Problem 2.70, label...Ch. 2 - Rank the atoms in each group in order of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 74PCh. 2 - Prob. 75PCh. 2 - Prob. 76PCh. 2 - Prob. 77PCh. 2 - Prob. 78PCh. 2 - Prob. 79PCh. 2 - (a) What is the chemical formula for...Ch. 2 - Answer the following questions about the...Ch. 2 - Platinum is a precious metal used in a wide...Ch. 2 - Prob. 83PCh. 2 - Answer the following questions about the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 85CPCh. 2 - Prob. 86CP
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