EBK ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL P
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781119192107
Author: BULLARD
Publisher: JOHN WILEY+SONS,INC.-CONSIGNMENT
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Chapter 3, Problem 3.28P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Explain whether the decision made by the operator right or wrong.
Concept introduction:
Due to an accident the operator of a chemical plant ruins the run sheet. However, the operator remembered some of the operating conditions of the reactor. The reactor feed was circulostoic acid (CSA: MW=75, SG=0.90) and flubitol (FB: MW = 90, SG = 0.75). The molar ratio of the two reactants are 1.05 and 1.1 CSA / FB. At the time of the accident, flow rate of CSA was 45.8 L/min and flubitol 55.2 L/min.
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Scientists can determine the age of ancient objects by the method of radiocarbon dating. The bombardment of the upper atmosphere by cosmic rays converts nitrogen to a radioactive isotope of
carbon, 14C, with a half-life of about 5,730 years. Vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide through the atmosphere, and animal life assimilates 14C through food chains. When a plant or animal dies, it stops
replacing its carbon, and the amount of 14C present begins to decrease through radioactive decay. Therefore, the level of radioactivity must also decay exponentially.
Dinosaur fossils are too old to be reliably dated using carbon-14. Suppose we had a 66 million year old dinosaur fossil. What percent of the living dinosaur's 14C would be remaining today? (Round
your answer to five decimal places.)
0.0000007537 X %
Suppose the minimum detectable amount is 0.2%. What is the maximum age (in years) of a fossil that we could date using 14C? (Round your answer to the nearest year.)
yr
Scientists can determine the age of ancient objects by the method of radiocarbon dating. The bombardment of the upper atmosphere by cosmic rays converts nitrogen to a radioactive isotope of carbon, 14C, with a half-life of about 5,730 years. Vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide through the atmosphere, and animal life assimilates 14C through food chains. When a plant or animal dies, it stops replacing its carbon, and the amount of 14C present begins to decrease through radioactive decay. Therefore, the level of radioactivity must also decay exponentially.
a) Dinosaur fossils are too old to be reliably dated using carbon-14. Suppose we had a 67 million year old dinosaur fossil. What percent of the living dinosaur's 14C would be remaining today? (Round your answer to five decimal places.)
b) Suppose the minimum detectable amount is 0.7%. What is the maximum age (in years) of a fossil that we could date using 14C? (Round your answer to the nearest year.)
A chemical is sprayed onto a lawn at a rate of 0.90 kg active ingredient per hectare. The chemical has a half-life of 30 days at 20C. A storm event occurs 15 days after application and causes 3.5% of the material present in the 25 hectare field to be lost (total losses). If average temperatures during the 15-day period were 17C, how much material (mass) was lost during the storm?
Chapter 3 Solutions
EBK ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL P
Ch. 3 - Perform the following estimations without using a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.2PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.4PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.5PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.6PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.7PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.8PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.9PCh. 3 - A rectangular block of solid carbon (graphite)...
Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.11PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.12PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.13PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.14PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.15PCh. 3 - 3.16. In April 2010, the worst oil spill ever...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.17PCh. 3 - The following data have been obtained for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.19PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.20PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.21PCh. 3 - A mixture of methanol and propyl acetate contains...Ch. 3 - The feed to an ammonia synthesis reactor contains...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.24PCh. 3 - A mixture is 10.0 molc% methyl alcohol, 75.0 mole%...Ch. 3 - Certain solid substances, known as hydrated...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.27PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.28PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.29PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.30PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.31PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.32PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.33PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.34PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.35PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.36PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.37PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.38PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.39PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.40PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.41PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.42PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.43PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.44PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.45PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.46PCh. 3 - In the movie, Willy Wonka and the Chocolate...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.48PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.49PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.50PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.51PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.52PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.53PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.54PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.55PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.56PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.57PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.58PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.59PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.60PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.61PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.62PCh. 3 - Convert the temperatures in Parts (a) and (b) and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.64PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.65PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.66PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.67PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.68PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.69P
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