Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 33.2, Problem 1HYEW
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason how giraffe’s heart will pump the blood to its brain.
Introduction:
Heart is the muscular organ present in most animals. Heart serves as the pump to circulate the blood. The heart has four chambers. The cardiac muscles are of two types’ myocardial contractile cells and myocardial conducting cells.
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Amphibians have three-chambered hearts, which have some limitations when compared to the four-chambered hearts of birds and mammals. Describe a disadvantage of a three-chambered heart (in comparison to a four-chambered heart), and one way in which amphibians are able to compensate for it.
What are the important differences in the overall metabolic needs of a fish and a turtle and the ability of their circulatory systems to meet those needs? Select all that apply.
Fish are less able to meet their metabolic needs than are turtles.
Fish have a two-chamber heart (one atrium and one ventricle) and turtles have a three-chambered heart (two atria and one ventricle).
Turtles are endothermic and fish are ectothermic
Blood flows directly to other organs after being oxygenated in turtles, but return to the heart after being oxygenated in fish.
Turtles have a double,-circuit circulatory system whereas fish have a single circulatory system.
A four-chambered heart, with a complete septum between the left ventricle and the right ventricle, makes the warm-blooded condition possible for all of the following vertebrate groups except:
modern placental mammals (like the beaver)
modern amphibians (like the frog)
modern monotremes (like the platypus)
modern birds (like the bald eagle)
modern marsupials (like the kangaroo)
Chapter 33 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 33.1 - Why doesnt insect hemolymph need hemoglobin?Ch. 33.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 33.1 - compare open and closed circulatory systems?Ch. 33.1 - describe the functions of the vertebrate...Ch. 33.2 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 33.2 - Prob. 1TCCh. 33.2 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 33.2 - describe the three types of vertebrate hearts and...Ch. 33.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 33.2 - Prob. 3CYL
Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 1TCCh. 33.3 - Prob. 2TCCh. 33.3 - describe each component of blood and explain its...Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 33.3 - explain the sequence of events during blood...Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 33.4 - Prob. 2TCCh. 33.4 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 33.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 33.4 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 33.5 - Prob. 1TCCh. 33.5 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 33.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 33.5 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 33.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 33 - Prob. 1MCCh. 33 - Which of the following is True? a. Arteriole...Ch. 33 - Prob. 3MCCh. 33 - Prob. 4MCCh. 33 - Which of the following is true of blood pressure?...Ch. 33 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 33 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 33 - The hearts pacemaker is called the (complete term)...Ch. 33 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 33 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 33 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 33 - Lymph is ___________ that has entered lymphatic...Ch. 33 - List the major structures of all circulatory...Ch. 33 - Describe and compare the features of open and...Ch. 33 - Explain how two- and three-chambered vertebrate...Ch. 33 - Prob. 4RQCh. 33 - Prob. 5RQCh. 33 - Prob. 6RQCh. 33 - Prob. 7RQCh. 33 - Prob. 8RQCh. 33 - Describe the cardiac cycle, and relate the...Ch. 33 - Prob. 10RQCh. 33 - Prob. 11RQCh. 33 - Prob. 12RQCh. 33 - In what way do veins and lymphatic vessels...Ch. 33 - Prob. 1ACCh. 33 - Prob. 2AC
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- All of the following are TRUE of a vertebrate whose blood flows directly from the respiratory organs to the body tissues without first returning to the heart, EXCEPT: cannot support a terrestrial lifestyle cannot separate oxygenated blood from deoxygenated blood has a two-chambered heart has a single circuit circulatory system all of these statements are truearrow_forwardWhen comparing the circulatory systems of vertebrates, indicate whether the following statements are true or false. There is no mixing of oxygenated (high [O2]) and deoxygenated (low [O2]) blood in the ventricle of a fish. #apply Question 9 options: True False The circulatory system of amphibians is more efficient than that of fish because there are two circulatory loops. #analyze Question 10 options: True False The only vertebrates without a hepatic portal venous system connecting the gut to the liver are the fish. #analyze Question 11 options: True False There is no mixing of oxygenated (high [O2]) and deoxygenated (low [O2]) blood in the ventricle of a frog. #apply Question 12 options: True Falsearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about vertebrate circulatory systems is not true? A. In mammals, the blood pressure in the aorta is higher than the pressure in the pulmonary artery. B. In fishes, oxygenated blood from the gills returns directly to the heart through the left atrium. C. In birds, deoxygenated blood leaves the heart through the pulmonary artery. D. In reptiles, the blood in the pulmonary artery has a lower oxygen content than the blood in the aorta. E. In amphibians, deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the right atrium.arrow_forward
- Explain why the evolution of the four-chambered heart was critical for the development of an endothermic lifestyle – the generation of internal heat – in birds and mammals.arrow_forwardMany objects designed by engineers have “circulatory systems” of one type or another. Describe at least three or four examples. Why do engineers sometimes include systems of flowing fluids in objects they design? We often hear it said that animal systems can teach us how to design engineered systems. If you were a biologist teaching a group of engineers about the lessons of animal circulatory systems, what principles would you emphasize?arrow_forwardThe terms atrium and ventricle are used to describe chambers in a wide variety of animal hearts. What do all atria and ventricles have in common among all of these hearts?arrow_forward
- A large grasshopper and a small mouse may be similar in size. However, the total length of blood vessels is much greater in the mouse, and the mouse’s heart pumps at much higher pressure than the grasshopper’s hearts. Which statement is most useful for explaining these observations?arrow_forwardBirds and mammals are both endothermic, and both have four chambered hearts. Most reptiles are ectothermic and have three-chambered hearts. b) Why do most biologists now consider birds to be reptiles?arrow_forwardWhich of the following groups has a three-chambered heart?a. birds c. mammalsb. reptiles other than birds d. amphibiansarrow_forward
- The mammalian heart can beat without input from the brain. True Or false?arrow_forwardMost humans are less than 2 meters tall. However, imagine if a human was 9 meters (almost 30 feet) tall. This would create some challenges that would require modifications to their cardiovascular system. Using your knowledge of normal human cardiovascular function, describe two ways that you could modify the cardiovascular system of a 9-meter human to accommodate their immense height (hint: think about things like gravity and blood pressure).arrow_forwardExplain the origin and conduction of the excitation that leads to a heart contraction. Why is the vertebrate heart said to be myogenic? If the heart is myogenic, how do you account for alterations in rate of the heartbeat?arrow_forward
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