Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 40, Problem 4FIB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The eye is a sensitive sense organ, which provides vision. It consists of photoreceptor cells, rods and cones, which are responsible for image formation during night and day. The eye contains various structures like; aqueous humor, vitreous humor, retina, iris, pupil, and so on.
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The retina.____ are the only light sensitive cells used for vision and the________ are the only output cells to the brain in the
A. rod and cone photoreceptors ganglion cells
B. rod photoreceptors; bipolar cells
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___ are the only output cells to the brain in the
When a person blinks, the part of the brain that interprets visual stimulation is suppressed. The spontaneous act of blinking is controlled by the area of the brain that controls involuntary movements such as breathing and blood pressure. To determine whether the lack of light or the act of blinking causes the suppression, scientists had subjects close their eyes and then placed a bright flashing light in their mouth to stimulate the photoreceptors in the eyes through the palate. Visual stimulation was still suppressed. So the photoreceptors in the retina were not stimulated even though they were exposed to light. This study demonstrated that when a person blinks, it is the act of blinking and not the absence of light that causes the suppression of visual stimulation.
In the diagram above, identify the part of the brain that is suppressed during blinking and the part of the brain that controls involuntary, spontaneous blinking.
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a. 3 and 8
b. 2 and 9
c. 5 and 6
d. 1…
Even though they are located in the back of the retinal tissue, what is the importance of the rod and cone photoreceptor cells to our sense of sight?
Chapter 40 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 40.1 - list and describe the five major types of sensory...Ch. 40.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.3 - give some examples of mechanoreceptors in your...Ch. 40.4 - describe the parts of the human ear and explain...Ch. 40.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.4 - explain how pitch and loudness are encoded?Ch. 40.5 - Prob. 1TCCh. 40.5 - Whales arent the only animals affected by human...
Ch. 40.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.5 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.6 - Prob. 1TCCh. 40.6 - Despite the presence of the Wind spot, you do not...Ch. 40.6 - Prob. 3TCCh. 40.6 - describe the structures of the human eye and...Ch. 40.6 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.6 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 40.7 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.7 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.8 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 40.8 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.8 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.8 - Retinal implants have boon developed to provide...Ch. 40 - Prob. 1MCCh. 40 - Prob. 2MCCh. 40 - Prob. 3MCCh. 40 - A large receptor potential in a sensory receptor...Ch. 40 - Prob. 5MCCh. 40 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 1RQCh. 40 - Prob. 2RQCh. 40 - Why are we apparently able to distinguish hundreds...Ch. 40 - Prob. 4RQCh. 40 - Prob. 5RQCh. 40 - Diagram the overall structure of the human eye....Ch. 40 - Prob. 7RQCh. 40 - Compare and contrast rods and cones.Ch. 40 - Prob. 9RQCh. 40 - We dont merely identify odors. We also label them...Ch. 40 - Many people like to eat spicy foods, but most...
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- Rods differ from cones in the following ways: a. They detect dim light, not bright light. b. They have a different visual pigment. c. They are not located in the retina. d. All of the above. e. a and b onlyarrow_forwardFor vertebrate photoreception, define: (a) photopigment; (b) photoreceptor; and (c) receptive field.arrow_forwardFigure 36.14 Cochlear implants can restore hearing in people who have a nonfunctional cochlea The implant consists of a microphone that picks up sound. A speech processor selects sounds in the range of human speech, and a transmitter converts these sounds to electrical impulses, which are then sent to the auditory nerve. Which of the following types of hearing loss would not be restored by a cochlear implant? Hearing loss resulting from absence or loss of hair cells in the organ of Corti. Hearing loss resulting from an abnormal auditory nerve. Hearing loss resulting from fracture of the cochlea. Hearing loss resulting from damage to bones of the middle ear.arrow_forward
- The inner layer of the eye includes the _____________. a. lens and choroid b. sclera and cornea c. retina d. start of optic nervearrow_forwardWhat is meant by the statement Vision happens mainly in the brain?arrow_forwardOccupational Hearing Loss Frequent exposure to loud noise of a particular pitch can cause loss of hair cells in the part of the cochlea that responds to that pitch. People who work with or around noisy machinery are at risk for such frequency-specific hearing loss. Taking precautions such as using ear plugs to reduce sound exposure is important. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented, but once it occurs it is irreversible because dead or damaged hair cells are not replaced. FIGURE 33.24 shows the threshold decibel levels at which sounds of different frequencies can be detected by an average 25-year-old carpenter, a 50-year-old carpenter, and a 50-year-old who has not been exposed to on-the-job noise. Sound frequencies are given in hertz (cycles per second), The more cycles per second, the higher the pitch. FIGURE 33.24 Effects of age aria occupational noise exposure. The graph shows the threshold hearing capacities fin decibels) for sounds of different frequencies (given in hertz) in a 25-year-okj carpenter (blue). a 50-year-old carpenter (red), arid a 50-year-ofd who did not have any on-the-job noise exposure (brown). 1. Which sound frequency was most easily detected by all three people?arrow_forward
- The outer layer of the eye includes the____________. a. lens and choroid b. sclera and cornea c. retina d. both a and carrow_forwardYour visual field is ______________. a. a specific, small area of the retina b. what you actually see c. the area where color vision occurs d. where the optic nerve startsarrow_forwardProvide a list of any five features of the human eye that contribute to its ability to detect and record visual information in the real world.arrow_forward
- List any five aspects of the Human Eye that allow it to record images in the real world.arrow_forwardWhy is a retinal defect, such as retinitis pigmentosa, which causes tunnel vision, associated with night blindness? a. Tunnel vision and night blindness are unrelated conditions. b. The high density of rod photoreceptors in the fovea are unaffected in each condition. c. The highest resolution cone photoreceptors are found exclusively in the outer regions of the retina. d. The color-detecting cone photoreceptors have the greatest density in the outer regions of the retina. e. The highly-sensitive rod photoreceptors are located in the outer regions of the retina.arrow_forward
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Visual Perception – How It Works; Author: simpleshow foundation;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DU3IiqUWGcU;License: Standard youtube license