Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 40, Problem 5MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The retina detects light and generates action potential within optic nerves. The photoreceptors cells are called as rods and cones due to their shapes. These are present at the rear of the retina. Photoreception starts when the photopigments absorb light that generates
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Given that frogs are nearsighted in air, which statement is most likely to be true about their vision in water? (a) They are even more nearsighted; because water has a higher index of refraction than air, a frog’s ability to focus light increases in water. (b) They are less nearsighted, because the cornea is less effective at refracting light in water than in air. (c) Their vision is no different, because only structures that are internal to the eye can affect the eye’s ability to focus. (d) The images projected on the retina are no longer inverted, because the eye in water functions as a diverging lens rather than a converging lens.
The ossicles:
a.
directly connect the tympanic membrane with the tectorial membrane
b.
provide mechanical advantage for the transmission of force to the oval window
c.
are composed of the incus, malleus, stapes, and pinna
d.
are tiny muscles providing mechanical force to dampen sound
Which of the following best describes the function of a camera type eye?
A) To form high-definition images that are transmitted to the brain.
B) To gather and concentrate light through a lens onto retinal tissue which generates an impulse that is transmitted to the brain.
C) To protect the optic nerve which generates an impulse that is transmitted to the brain.
D) To detect vibrations through the vitreous body which generates an impulse that is transmitted to the brain.
Chapter 40 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 40.1 - list and describe the five major types of sensory...Ch. 40.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.3 - give some examples of mechanoreceptors in your...Ch. 40.4 - describe the parts of the human ear and explain...Ch. 40.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.4 - explain how pitch and loudness are encoded?Ch. 40.5 - Prob. 1TCCh. 40.5 - Whales arent the only animals affected by human...
Ch. 40.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.5 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.6 - Prob. 1TCCh. 40.6 - Despite the presence of the Wind spot, you do not...Ch. 40.6 - Prob. 3TCCh. 40.6 - describe the structures of the human eye and...Ch. 40.6 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.6 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 40.7 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.7 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.8 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 40.8 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 40.8 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 40.8 - Retinal implants have boon developed to provide...Ch. 40 - Prob. 1MCCh. 40 - Prob. 2MCCh. 40 - Prob. 3MCCh. 40 - A large receptor potential in a sensory receptor...Ch. 40 - Prob. 5MCCh. 40 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 40 - Prob. 1RQCh. 40 - Prob. 2RQCh. 40 - Why are we apparently able to distinguish hundreds...Ch. 40 - Prob. 4RQCh. 40 - Prob. 5RQCh. 40 - Diagram the overall structure of the human eye....Ch. 40 - Prob. 7RQCh. 40 - Compare and contrast rods and cones.Ch. 40 - Prob. 9RQCh. 40 - We dont merely identify odors. We also label them...Ch. 40 - Many people like to eat spicy foods, but most...
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- 1) The base plate of the stapes _____. A) transmits sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the ear ossicles B) is located in the inner ear and has hair cells with stereocilia and kinocilia attached to it C) covers the round window to the inner ear D) vibrates in the oval window to create waves in the inner eararrow_forwardWhat is the X-shaped structure that sits just below the brain’s ventral surface and represents the merging of the optic nerves from the two eyes? A) lens B) optic chiasm C) fovea D) irisarrow_forwardWhich statement about compound eyes is true?a. They do not contain a lens or lenslike structure.b. They cannot sense color.c. They have from 1 to 10 ommatidia.d. They are found in insects and also many vertebrates.e. They probably have less resolving power thansingle-lens eyes.arrow_forward
- What do the sensory systems of annelids, mollusks, arthropods, and vertebrates have in common?a. They all use the same stimuli for taste.b. They all use neurons to detect vibration.c. They all have image-forming eyes that evolved independently.d. They all use chemoreceptors in their skin to detect food.arrow_forwardThe transduction process of converting light into neural signals sent to the central nervous system involves which of these steps? A. Bipolar Cells collect signals from Rods and Cones. B. The Optic Nerve carries signals about light from the Lateral Geniculate Nuclues to the Retinal Ganglion Cells. C. Retinal Ganglion Cells relay information to Rods and Cones. D. Light that reaches the eyes passes first through the Retina which focuses that light onto the Cornea.arrow_forwardIn humans, what happens to visual information from the left visual field?A. It reaches the right half of each retina, which sends messages to the left hemisphere.B. It reaches the right half of each retina, which sends messages to the right hemisphere.C. It reaches the left half of each retina, which sends messages to the left hemisphere.D. It reaches the left half of each retina, which sends messages to the right hemisphere.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is accurate about the maculae of the vestibular apparatus? a. They detect rotational movements of the head. b. They are located in the semicircular canal. c. Nerve signals are generated when the otolithic membrane bends the stereocilia of the hair cells. d. They are the organs of hearing.arrow_forwardThe region of the vertebrate eye, where the optic nerve passes out of the retina, is called the(a) fovea(b) iris(c) blind spot(d) optic chaismaarrow_forwardWhich of the following limits the potential of an individual neuron to encode the frequency of a stimulus using temporal coding? A the upper limit on the firing rate of a neuron. B the pinna of the outer ear C the oscicles of the middle ear D the flexibility of the oval windowarrow_forward
- What are the 3 ways in which complex ganglion cells differ from simple ganglion cells (Select all that apply) Select one or more: a. Has smaller receptive field b. They are Binocular c. Responds only to Cones d. They are Monocular e. Has a larger receptive field f. Responds to orientation of the stimulusarrow_forwardWhat function do the malleus, incus, and stapes bones in the inner ear play in processing sounds? A. The bones transform pressure waves into nerve impulses that the brain recognizes as sound. B. The bones equalize pressure between the middle ear and the atmosphere. C. The bones transmit vibrations to the oval window setting the fluid in the cochlea in motion. D. The bones depolarize or hyperpolarize hair cells depending on the direction they vibrate.arrow_forwarda.Describe the pathway of nerve impulses from the ear to the brain. b.Describe the role the ear plays in equilibrium (balance). c.Describe one disorder pertaining to the ear.arrow_forward
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