Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 44.3, Problem 1TYK
Which of the following are examples of secondary succession?
- plants growing in cracks on the pavement of a quiet street
- the recovery of vegetation following the 2004 Indonesian tsunami
- the colonization of new sand by beach plants
- the recovery of forests following a wildfire
- both b and d
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Clearcutting trees from a wooded area includes cutting down and removing all vegetation in the area. Clearcutting can have negative effects on an ecosystem, but it is also said to have benefits to the ecosystem. Possible benefits of clearcutting include clearing the area of dead trees to help regenerate new, healthier trees. What type of ecological succession is clearcutting an example of?
regenerative succession
pioneer succession
primary succession
secondary succession
What is the difference between primary succession and secondary succession?
Primary succession occurs when a new species is discovered within an already established species. Secondary succession occurs when a new species invades an area and destroys the species already inhabited there.
Primary succession occurs when an area has never supported an ecosystem. Secondary succession occurs when an area has supported an ecosystem but has been cleared of everything except for topsoil.
Primary succession occurs when an area has supported an ecosystem but has been cleared of everything except for topsoil. Secondary succession occurs when an area has never supported an ecosystem.
Primary succession occurs when an area has supported an ecosystem and an invasive species takes over the area. Secondary succession occurs when an area has never supported an ecosystem and an invasive species takes over the…
Which of the following locations would NOT represent a site for primary succession?
A. A forest that was recently destroyed by a fire.
B. A volcanic island.
C. A retreating glacier.
D. All of the above represent sites of primary succession.
Chapter 44 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 44.1 - Lake Baikal in Siberia is an ancient, unglaciated...Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 44.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 44.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 44.3 - Why might ecologists think of walking thecoastline...Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.3 - Which of the following are examples of secondary...Ch. 44.3 - In New England salt marshes, Spartina grass...
Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 44.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.4 - Which is part of the original MacArthur-Wilson...Ch. 44.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 44.5 - In these two food chains, plants and...Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 44.5 - Detritivores that feed on the dung of herbivores...Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 44.6 - Net primary production is the energy that passes...Ch. 44.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 44.6 - Most gross primary production is used in (by)...Ch. 44 - Prob. 1TYCh. 44 - Prob. 2TYCh. 44 - Prob. 3TYCh. 44 - Prob. 4TYCh. 44 - On which types of islands would you expect species...Ch. 44 - Prob. 6TYCh. 44 - Autotrophic organisms are primary consumers....Ch. 44 - Prob. 8TYCh. 44 - Prob. 9TYCh. 44 - The most highly productive terrestrial ecosystems...Ch. 44 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 44 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 44 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 44 - List some possible ecological disturbances, their...Ch. 44 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Growth of a forest in an abandoned corn field is an example of _______. a. primary succession c. secondary succession b. resource partioning d. competitive exclusionarrow_forwardComplete competitors cannot coexist is a statement of the principle of (a) primary succession (b) limiting resources (c) Mllerian mimicry (d) competitive exclusion (e) character displacementarrow_forwardImportant disturbances that change alter the sequence of ecological succession include all of the following factors EXCEPT: Question 16 options: - storms - fires - droughts - floods - all of the above are significant disturbances that can affect ecological succession.arrow_forward
- Of the following, which could be an anthropogenic factor that would influence ecological succession? A. volcanic eruption B. wind storms C. agriculturearrow_forwardIn 2011, a tornado tore through Springfield, Massachusetts, destroying a large proportion of the trees in the area. This event is an example of _______, and the subsequent growth of new trees is an example of _______. a. ecological transition; distrubance b. ecological transition; niche recovery c. disturbance; succession d. community flux; successionarrow_forwardPrimary succession is a gradual change in community structure that begins with a ___i___ community and leads towards a ___ii___ community. The statement given above is completed by the information in row ______. Row i ii A pioneer climax B seral pioneer C pioneer seral D seral climaxarrow_forward
- Which of the following disturbance would likely result in primary succession? Select one: a. Seafloor habitat is disturbed by trawlers that are being dragged along the seabed. b. Shenandoah National Park floods, resulting in destruction of plant life in the area. c. Some areas in the direct blast zone of Mount St. Helens’ volcanic eruption are covered with pyroclastic flow deposits. d. Receding Kaskawulsh Glacier diverts Slims River, exposing the sediments in the riverbed.arrow_forwardHow does carbon dioxide contribute to primary succession? A. Carbon dioxide increases the chances that primary succession will occur. B. Carbon dioxide decreases the chances that primary succession will occur. C. Carbon dioxide is not a factor in primary succession.arrow_forwardA rancher grazes cattle in a forest reserve. The cattle selectively graze grasses, herbs, and small shrubs. After 10 years, the cattle are removed from the forest and the forest begins to change back the way it was before the cattle were introduced. The changes in the forest would be an example of a. a climax community b. a pioneer community c. primary succession d. secondary successionarrow_forward
- Secondary succession is always the result of anthropogenic factors. True or False?arrow_forwardIn Southern California chaparral, fires burn native sage brush releasing nutrients into the soil which stimulates the growth of annual grasses which are then gradually replaced by sage brush. This pattern is an example of… a. directional succession b. primary succession c. competitive release d. r-selection e. cyclical successionarrow_forwardPut the following items in order of succession. Farmland is abandoned. Dense shrubs appear. Slower growing trees enter the area. Small, fast-growing trees appear. Shade-tolerant trees take over. Sun-tolerant weeds and herbs appear.arrow_forward
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