Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 48, Problem 18TYU
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY A person with kidney disease lives 10 to 15 years longer with a kidney transplant than on continued dialysis. However, in the United States many individuals have difficulty being accepted by a transplant program because they do not have adequate insurance or other
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It is illegal in the United States to pay for a transplant organ, and doctors cannot perform a transplant operation unless the patient is at the top of the official list. However, some wealthy people in need of a kidney transplant go overseas to other countries where the laws are not enforced strictly. Suppose a wealthy person finds a poor person willing to sell his or her kidney and then purchases the kidney. What do you think of this? If the poor person is willing, is there any harm in it? Why does the United States prohibit the sale of organs when other countries look the other way?
A donor underwent physical examination and was assessed as healthy with no known illnesses. The donor’s kidney was subsequently transplanted to a recipient. Transplantation was successful. Not long after the transplantation, the recipient was diagnosed with kidney cancer.
Can you make an educated speculation as to why the recipient, who had no history of kidney cancer or any other types of cancer, developed kidney after the transplantation?
How is the filtration that occurs in the glomerulus different from passive transport, active transport, or any form of membrane transport?
1. Filtration occurs between cells, not through them
2. Filtration only involves small substances, whereas membrane transport often deals with large substances
3. Filtration involves the movement of water, whereas passive transport doesn’t involve water movement
Chapter 48 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 48.1 - How does osmoregulation contribute to homeostasis?Ch. 48.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 48.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.2 - What are the benefits of excreting nitrogenous...Ch. 48.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 48.3 - Compare the structure and function of...Ch. 48.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.4 - Relate the function of the vertebrate kidney to...
Ch. 48.4 - Compare adaptations for osmoregulation in...Ch. 48.4 - What type of osmoregulatory challenge is faced by...Ch. 48.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.5 - Prob. 7LOCh. 48.5 - Describe (and label on a diagram) the structures...Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 9LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 10LOCh. 48.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 48.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 48.5 - VISUALIZE Draw a diagram showing the sequence of...Ch. 48.5 - Prob. 4CCh. 48 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 48 - Test Your Understanding 3 To compensate for fluid...Ch. 48 - The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a)...Ch. 48 - Which of the following does not contribute to the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 48 - Which of the following does not contribute to the...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 8 Which is not true of...Ch. 48 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 48 - Arrange the following structures into an accurate...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 12 VISUALIZE Label the...Ch. 48 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 48 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 48 - EVOLUTION LINK The number of protonephridia in a...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 16 EVOLUTION LINK The...Ch. 48 - Test Your Understanding 17 EVOLUTION LINK Although...Ch. 48 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY A person with...
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- 3. The purpose of this research was not to test the functionality of the transplanted kidneys, but whether or not the human body would reject them. Why are the researchers excited that the kidneys produced ‘robust’ urine and were able to withstand the higher human blood pressure exerted on kidneys in a human bodyarrow_forwardWhich of the following can be either an active or passive process?a. Filtrationb. SecretionC. Reabsorptionarrow_forwardWhere does filtration occur? the glomerulus the proximal convoluted tubule the nephron loop the collecting duct ALL OF THE ABOVE; filtration continues to occur throughout the entire nephronarrow_forward
- Reabsorption depends on _________. a. osmosis across the nephron wall b. active transport of sodium across the nephron wall c. a steep solute concentration gradient d. all of the abovearrow_forwardFigure 41.5 Which of the following statements about the kidney is false? The renal pelvis drains into the ureter. The renal pyramids are in the medulla. The cortex covers the capsule. Nephrons are in the renal cortex.arrow_forwardFigure 41.6 Which of the following statements about the nephron is false? The collecting duct empties into the distal convoluted tubule. The Bowman’s capsule surrounds the glomerulus. The loop of Henle is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. The loop of Henle empties into the distal convoluted tubule.arrow_forward
- The bodily fluids of freshwater fish contain higher concentration of dissolved solids in their surroundings, so they tend to bloat (take in water) or lose electrolytes. How can freshwater fish avoid this? 1.) By drinking lots of water? 2.) By actively transporting ions out from the gills into the water? 3.) by excreting highly concentrated urine? 4.) by resorbing ions in nephronsarrow_forwardWhat name is given to the millions of tiny filtering units that make up each kidney?A nephronsB tubulesC filter organsarrow_forwardNearly all renal diseases result in hypertension. In fact, some clinicians have a 'rule' that states "unexplained hypertension is always a result of a problem with the kidneys until proven otherwise". Briefly explain why hypertension occurs in renal disease.arrow_forward
- Which of the following animals has the least concentrated urine relative to its blood plasma?a. birdb. freshwater fishc. humand. sharkarrow_forwardIt is possible to survive with 1 kidney, why do we have 2 of them? A major function is to filter and eliminate waste, why are they located so far from the urinary bladder? asaparrow_forwardThe principle of dialysis is employed in artificial kidneys. How do you think this dialysis works?arrow_forward
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