Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 19QP
Researchers set up an obesity study in which MZ and DZ twins who served in the armed forces were studied at induction into the military and 25 years later. Results indicated that obesity has a strong genetic component.
- a. What are some of the problems with this study?
- b. Design a better study to test whether obesity has a genetic component.
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As a result of social and economic changes after WorldWar II, the Pima Indians of Arizona began to adopt a“Westernized” lifestyle that included high-calorie diets andsedentary occupations. Soon afterward, obesity and type 2diabetes became common. (A genetically related group,Pima Indians in Mexico, who live in remote mountain villagesand maintain the diet and activity levels of their ancestors,have a low rate of diabetes and obesity.) Researchers havediscovered that IRS1 levels are reduced in obese individualsfrom the Arizona Pima population, as compared with leanindividuals. It was also shown that specific mutations inthe IRS1 gene in combination with obesity led to a 50% reduction in insulin sensitivity. Explain this phenomenon.
Epigenetics may be partially responsible for the childhood epidemic of obesity. Explain.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
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