Essentials of Genetics - Masteringgenetic
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134143699
Author: KLUG
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 2PDQ
Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 84. These all center on sex determination or the expression of genes encoded on sex chromosomes. Write a short essay that discusses sex chromosomes as they contrast with autosomes. ■
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Give an explanation for why nondisjunction of sex chromosomes is extra nicely tolerated than nondisjunction in autosomes, even though genetic nondisjunction of sex chromosomes usually effects in sterility and abnormalities of intercourse organs.
With regard to the numbers of sex chromosomes, explain whydosage compensation is necessary
What is dosage compensation with respect to the sex chromosomes? Briefly explain how this is accomplished in humans.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics - Masteringgenetic
Ch. 5 -
CASE STUDY | Doggone it!
A dog breeder...Ch. 5 - CASE STUDY| Doggone it! A dog breeder discovers...Ch. 5 - CASE STUDY| Doggone it! A dog breeder discovers...Ch. 5 -
CASE STUDY | Doggone it!
A dog breeder...Ch. 5 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we have focused...Ch. 5 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 84. These...Ch. 5 - As related to sex determination, what is meant by...Ch. 5 -
4. Contrast the life cycle of a plant such as...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5PDQCh. 5 -
6. Describe the major difference between sex...
Ch. 5 - How do mammals, including humans, solve the...Ch. 5 -
8. What specific observations (evidence) support...Ch. 5 - Describe how nondisjunction in human female...Ch. 5 -
10. An insect species is discovered in which the...Ch. 5 -
11. Given your answers to Problem 10, is it...Ch. 5 - When cows have twin calves of unlike sex...Ch. 5 -
13. An attached-X female fly, XXY (see the...Ch. 5 -
14. Assume that on rare occasions the attached X...Ch. 5 - It is believed that any male-determining genes...Ch. 5 -
16. What is a Barr body, and where is it found...Ch. 5 - Indicate the expected number of Barr bodies in...Ch. 5 - Define the Lyon hypothesis.Ch. 5 - Can the Lyon hypothesis be tested in a human...Ch. 5 - Predict the potential effect of the Lyon...Ch. 5 -
21. Cat breeders are aware that kittens...Ch. 5 -
22. What does the apparent need for dosage...Ch. 5 - In mice, the Sry gene (see Section 5.2) is located...Ch. 5 - The genes encoding the red- and...Ch. 5 - In mice, the X-linked dominant mutation Testicular...Ch. 5 -
26. Shown here are graphs that plot the...Ch. 5 -
27. In chickens, a key gene involved in sex...
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- Explain why nondisjunction of sex chromosomes is more well-tolerated thannondisjunction in autosomes, even though genetic nondisjunction of sex chromosomes usually results in sterility and abnormalities of sex organs.arrow_forwardExplain why a person with Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY) still exhibits abnormal phenotypes despite the fact that one of the extra X Chromosome is inactivated practically leaving an XY active sex chromosomes similar to a normal male?arrow_forwardWhich sex chromosome (X or Y) carries the gene for eye color in Drosophila? Why?arrow_forward
- . With regards to the grasshopper testes experiment, diakinesis is an ideal stage to determine chromosome number due to the degree of condensation of the chromosomes? Count the chromosomes at this stage. Does it represent a diploid or a haploid number?arrow_forwardThere are 40 chromosomes in somatic cells of the house mouse. (a) How many chromosomes does a mouse receives from its father? (b) How many autosomes are present in a mouse gamete? (c) How many sex chromosomes are in a mouse ovum? (d) How many autosomes are in somatic cells of a female?arrow_forwardDescribe the molecular process of X-chromosome inactivation.This description should include the three phases of inactivationand the role of the Xic. Explain what happens to the X chromosomes during embryogenesis, in adult somatic cells, and duringoogenesis.arrow_forward
- Give the typical sex-chromosome complement found in the cells of people with Turner syndrome, with Klinefelter syndrome, and with androgen-insensitivity syndrome. What is the sex-chromosome complement of triple-X females?arrow_forwardVariations in Chromosome NumberAneuploidy Describe the process of nondisjunction and explain when it takes place during cell division.arrow_forwardPeople with Down syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome 21, for a total of 47 chromosomes. However, in a few cases of Down syndrome, 46 chromosomes are present. This total includes two normal-looking chromosomes 21, one normal chromosome 14, and a longer-than-normal chromosome 14. Interpret this observation. How can these individuals have 46 chromosomes?arrow_forward
- Assume that a meiotic-nondisjunction event causes trisomy 8 in a newborn. If two of the three copies of chromosome 8 are absolutely identical, at what point during meiosis did the nondisjunction event take place?arrow_forwardHuman sex chromosomes are XX for females and XY for males. a. With respect to an X-linked gene, how many different types of gametes can a male produce? b. If a female is homozygous for an X-linked allele, how many different types of gametes can she produce with respect to this allele? c. If a female is heterozygous for an X-linked allele, how many different types of gametes can she produce with respect to this allele?arrow_forwardMutations Can Uncouple chromosomal Sex from Phenotypic Sex Discuss whether the following individuals (1) have male or female gonads, (2) are phenotypically male or female (discuss Wolffian/Mllerian ducts and external genitalia), and (3) are sterile or fertile. a. XY, homozygous for a recessive mutation in the testosterone biosynthetic pathway, producing no testosterone b. XX, heterozygous for a dominant mutation in the testosterone biosynthetic pathway, which causes continuous production of testosterone c. XY, heterozygous for a recessive mutation in the MIH gene d. XY, homozygous fora recessive mutation in the SRY gene that abolishes functionarrow_forward
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