Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 6, Problem 32RA
Summary Introduction
To review:
The role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the epithelial cells of the kidney in making it more permeable to water.
Introduction:
Hormones are the chemical signals that regulate different physiological processes. They are secreted by the exocrine and endocrine glands. The exocrine glands release their chemicals in the ducts that transport them to the required sites, whereas the endocrine glands release their secretions into the blood from where they are carried to the sites.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 6 - Describe the distribution of fluid in the body.Ch. 6 - Describe the composition of the extracellular...Ch. 6 - List the subcategories of passive transport and...Ch. 6 - Explain what is meant by simple diffusion and list...Ch. 6 - Prob. 4CPCh. 6 - Prob. 5CPCh. 6 - Explain how the body detects changes in the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 7aCPCh. 6 - Prob. 7bCPCh. 6 - Prob. 7cCP
Ch. 6 - Prob. 8CPCh. 6 - Prob. 9aCPCh. 6 - Prob. 9bCPCh. 6 - Explain the relationship of the resting membrane...Ch. 6 - Prob. 10bCPCh. 6 - Prob. 11CPCh. 6 - Prob. 12CPCh. 6 - The movement of water across a plasma membrane...Ch. 6 - Which of these statements about the facilitated...Ch. 6 - Prob. 3RACh. 6 - Prob. 4RACh. 6 - Blood plasma has an osmolality of about 300 mOsm....Ch. 6 - Prob. 6RACh. 6 - The most important diffusible ion in the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8RACh. 6 - Prob. 9RACh. 6 - Prob. 10RACh. 6 - Prob. 11RACh. 6 - Prob. 12RACh. 6 - Prob. 13RACh. 6 - Prob. 14RACh. 6 - Which of the following questions regarding second...Ch. 6 - Prob. 16RACh. 6 - Prob. 17RACh. 6 - Compare the resting membrane potential of a neuron...Ch. 6 - Prob. 19RACh. 6 - Prob. 20RACh. 6 - Prob. 21RACh. 6 - Prob. 22RACh. 6 - Using the principles of osmosis, explain why...Ch. 6 - Prob. 24RACh. 6 - Prob. 25RACh. 6 - Prob. 26RACh. 6 - Prob. 27RACh. 6 - Prob. 28RACh. 6 - Prob. 29RACh. 6 - Prob. 30RACh. 6 - Using only the information in this chapter,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 32RACh. 6 - Prob. 33RACh. 6 - Suppose a semipermeable membrane separates two...Ch. 6 - Prob. 35RACh. 6 - Prob. 36RACh. 6 - Use the Nernst equation and the ion concentration...
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- The immediate effect of ADH on the renal tubules of frogs and mice is the same, yet when ADH is secreted, frogs produce urine that is approximately isosmotic to their blood plasma, whereas mice produce urine far more concentrated than their blood plasma. Explain this difference in terms of the factors affecting osmosis in the kidneys of frogs and mice.arrow_forwardExplain the mechanism how furosemide affects kidney tubules. How does this affect K+ balance? How different is the mechanism of thiazide affect urine production? Describe the process of acid-base regulation in human body.arrow_forwardPlease explain this in the most simple way. Explain the kidney's role in water conservation. How much water is reabsorbed (by following other reabsorbed substances) by osmosis? How much water does the nephron loop and collecting duct have to be "tricked" into reabsorbing? How exactly does that work? How do hormones control this process? What effect does alcohol have?arrow_forward
- The mammalian kidney contains an immense network of nephrons that functions to conserve water by producing urine that is hyperosmotic compared to other body fluids. Explain how the transport epithelia of the nephron and collecting duct are able to use transport mechanisms to process the filtrate as it moves through the vessels and produce a hyperosmotic filtrate.arrow_forwardUsing the principles of osmosis, explain why movement of Na + through a plasma membrane is followed by movement of water. Use this concept to explain the rationale on which oral rehydration therapy is based.arrow_forwardState the implication of a high value of NPN in blood and urine. What does the amount of urea, ammonia, and creatinine in the urine tell us about renal function? Which food substances can lead to an increased value of NPN in the blood?arrow_forward
- Discuss the formation of urine by the kidneys at the molecular level (ammonia to urea).arrow_forwardRenin is secreted in response to hypovolemia or to an increase in the osmolality of the blood. Provide three possible mechanisms by which these conditions may stimulate rennin secretion. What are the consequences of increased rennin secretion that lead to increased aldosterone secretion? Present this sequence of events. Why are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) used as a common therapy for hypertension? How do they influence blood pressure? Are plasma levels of renin elevated or depressed in a patient with Conn’s disease? Why?arrow_forwardThe activity below illustrates the effect of which of the following? Choose from the following: (A) concentration osmotic gradient effect without ADH or aldosterone (B) concentration osmotic gradient effect with aldosterone (C) concentration osmotic gradient effect with anti-diuretic hormonearrow_forward
- The mammalian kidney contains an immense network of nephrons that functions to conserve water by producing urine that is hyperosmotic compared to other body fluids. Describe in detail how the transport epithelia of the nephron and collecting duct are able to use transport mechanisms to process the filtrate as it moves through the vessels and produce a hyperosmotic filtrate.arrow_forwardIn the management of DKA, why would potassium be added to the maintenance fluids even if potassium levels are normal or high? Question 66 options: a) Potassium shifts from the extracellular fluid to the intracellular fluid when acidosis corrects b) Insulin promotes renal potassium loss c) Osmotic diuresis may continue to deplete extracellular fluid potassium levels d) Maintenance fluids will dilute potassium levels in the extracellular fluidarrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE about glucose reabsorption in the kidney? a.If an individual does not have diabetes mellitus, 100% of filtered glucose is reabsorbed at the proximal convoluted tubule. b.If an individual has diabetes mellitus, filtered glucose will be present in all the renal tubule. c.Glucose reabsorption along the proximal convoluted tubule uses the sodium glucose secondary active transporter and it is independent of insulin. d.All of the above e.None of the above asaparrow_forward
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