An Introduction to Thermal Physics
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780201380279
Author: Daniel V. Schroeder
Publisher: Addison Wesley
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Chapter 6.1, Problem 7P
To determine

The relative probability for a hydrogen atom of being in a first excited state.

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Draw an energy level diagram for a nonrelativistic particle confined inside a three-dimensional cube-shaped box, showing all states with energies below 15· (h2/8mL2). Be sure to show each linearly independent state separately, to indicate the degeneracy of each energy level. Does the average number of states per unit energy increase or decrease as E increases?
What is the minimum possible energy for five (noninteracting) spin-1/2 particles of mass m in a one-dimensional box of length L?
The spherical harmonics are the eigenfunctions of ?̂2 and ?̂ ? for the rigid rotor and thehydrogen atom (and other spherically symmetric problems). In this problem, we willexamine the nature of the angular nodes for these systems.Since the spherical harmonics include a factor of eim, which never has magnitude zero, forthis exercise we will construct some linear combinations of the spherical harmonics so weare working with real-valued functions. Two of the real-valued spherical harmonics are:12 (?1−1 + ?11) = 12 √ 32? sin ? cos ? 12? (?32 − ?3−2) = 14 √1052? sin2 ? cos ? sin 2?(a) Determine the angles at which nodal surfaces will occur for each of these functions, anddescribe the nature of the nodal surfaces that they represent. In other words, identifythe locations of nodal planes and other surfaces in the Cartesian axis system.(b) What atomic orbitals (e.g. 1s, 2p, etc.) are represented by these functions and what isthe total number of distinct angular nodal surfaces?
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