a) C 6 H 5 N Interpretation: The degree of unsaturation in C 6 H 5 N is to be calculated. Concept introduction: The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C n H 2n+2 . Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula. To calculate: The degree of unsaturation in C 6 H 5 N.

Question

Hexahelicene seems a poor candidate for optical activity because all its carbon atomsare sp2hybrids and presumably flat. Nevertheless, hexahelicene has been synthesized and separated into enantiomers. Its optical rotation is enormous: [a]D = 3700°.Explain why hexahelicene is optically active, and speculate as to why the rotation isso large

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.2, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) C₆H₅N

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N.

Interpretation Introduction

b) C₆H₅NO₂

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂.

Interpretation Introduction

c) C₈H₉Cl₃

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7.2, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) C₆H₅N

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N.

Interpretation Introduction

b) C₆H₅NO₂

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂.

Interpretation Introduction

c) C₈H₉Cl₃

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7.2, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) C₆H₅N

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N.

Interpretation Introduction

b) C₆H₅NO₂

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂.

Interpretation Introduction

c) C₈H₉Cl₃

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7.2, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) C₆H₅N

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N.

Interpretation Introduction

b) C₆H₅NO₂

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂.

Interpretation Introduction

c) C₈H₉Cl₃

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7.2, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) C₆H₅N

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N.

Interpretation Introduction

b) C₆H₅NO₂

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂.

Interpretation Introduction

c) C₈H₉Cl₃

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃.

Answer 6

Chapter 7.2, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) C₆H₅N

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N.

Answer 7

Chapter 7.2, Problem 2P

Interpretation Introduction

a) C₆H₅N

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅N.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b) C₆H₅NO₂

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b) C₆H₅NO₂

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₆H₅NO₂.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c) C₈H₉Cl₃

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c) C₈H₉Cl₃

Interpretation:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The degree of unsaturation is equal to the number of rings and/or multiple bonds present in the molecule. The general formula of alkanes is C_nH_2n+2. Knowing this relationship and by working backward the degree of unsaturation in a molecule can be calculated. Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. If the compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be subtracted, in arriving at an equivalent hydrocarbon formula.

To calculate:

The degree of unsaturation in C₈H₉Cl₃.

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 7.2 - Calculate the degree of unsaturation in each of...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 7.2 - Diazepam, marketed as an antianxiety medication...Ch. 7.3 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how the degree of unsaturation in C 6 H 5 N is calculated based on the general formula of alkanes.

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