Fundamentals Of Cost Accounting (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259969478
Author: WILLIAM LANEN, Shannon Anderson, Michael Maher
Publisher: McGraw Hill Education
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Chapter 8, Problem 10CADQ
The management of a liquid cleaning product company is trying to decide whether to install a job or
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The management of a liquid cleaning product company is trying to decide whether to install a job or process costing system. The manufacturing vice president has stated that job costing gives the best control because it is possible to assign costs to specific lots of goods. The controller, however, has stated that job costing requires too much record-keeping. Would a process costing system meet the manufacturing vice president’s control objectives? Explain.
Paula Woodward is the head of the Information Systems Department at Mo Manufacturing Company. Roland Randolph, the company’s controller, is meeting with her to discuss changes in data gathering that relate to the company’s new flexible manufacturing system.
Woodward opens the conversation by saying, “Roland, the old job order costing methods just will not work with the new flexible manufacturing system. The new system is based on continuous product flow, not batch processing. We need to change to a process costing system for both data gathering and product costing. Otherwise, our product costs will be way off, and it will affect our pricing decisions. I found out about this at a professional seminar I attended last month. You should have been there.”
Randolph responds, “Job order costing has provided accurate information for this product line for more than 15 years. Why should we change just because we’ve purchased a new machine? We’ve purchased several machines for this line over the…
CORE Fitness Inc. is a high-end athletic gear manufacturer. The production of gear involves many complex and specialized activities that, before now, have lacked of organization or procedural direction. The production manger has considered applying a systematic costing system to improve on efficiency of production, and he wants your advice about activity-based costing(ABC). However, while the production manager wants your advice, he argued that interrupting the existing costing system would be a detriment to the factory. In contrast, the entry-level accountant believes an ABC system would in fact assist the company more effectively in identifying the costs and how to actually regulate the costs.
Role play as either yhe production manager or the entry-level accountant to convince the other person to agree with your stance.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Fundamentals Of Cost Accounting (6th Edition)
Ch. 8 - What are the characteristics of industries most...Ch. 8 - A manufacturing company has records of its...Ch. 8 - If costs increase from one period to another, will...Ch. 8 - What are the five steps to follow when computing...Ch. 8 - What is the distinction between equivalent units...Ch. 8 - Which method, weighted-average or FIFO, better...Ch. 8 - It has been said that a prior departments costs...Ch. 8 - The more important individual unit costs are for...Ch. 8 - Assume that the number of units transferred out of...Ch. 8 - The management of a liquid cleaning product...
Ch. 8 - We have discussed two methods for process costing,...Ch. 8 - A friend owns and operates a consulting firm that...Ch. 8 - The controller of a local firm that uses a...Ch. 8 - Throughout the chapter, we treated conversion...Ch. 8 - Consider a manufacturing firm with multiple...Ch. 8 - Prob. 16CADQCh. 8 - Would process costing work well for a service...Ch. 8 - Compute Equivalent Units: Weighted-Average Method...Ch. 8 - Compute Equivalent Units: FIFO Method Refer to the...Ch. 8 - Compute Equivalent Units: Weighted-Average Method...Ch. 8 - Compute Equivalent Units: FIFO Method Refer to the...Ch. 8 - Compute Equivalent Units Magic Company adds...Ch. 8 - Equivalent Units: Weighted-Average Process Costing...Ch. 8 - Prob. 24ECh. 8 - Prob. 25ECh. 8 - Compute Equivalent Units: Ethical Issues Aaron...Ch. 8 - Equivalent Units and Cost of Production By...Ch. 8 - Compute Costs per Equivalent Unit:...Ch. 8 - Compute the cost per equivalent unit for materials...Ch. 8 - Compute Equivalent Units: FIFO Method Materials...Ch. 8 - Compute Equivalent Units and Cost per Equivalent...Ch. 8 - Cost Per Equivalent Unit: Weighted-Average Method...Ch. 8 - Compute Costs per Equivalent Unit:...Ch. 8 - Refer to the data in Exercise 8–33. Compute the...Ch. 8 - Using the data in Exercise 8-33, compute the cost...Ch. 8 - Refer to the data in Exercises 8-33 and 8-35....Ch. 8 - Compute Costs per Equivalent Unit:...Ch. 8 - Refer to the data in Exercise 8-37. Compute the...Ch. 8 - Refer to the data in Exercise 8-37. Compute the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 40ECh. 8 - Prepare a Production Cost Report: FIFO Method...Ch. 8 - Prob. 42ECh. 8 - Prepare a Production Cost Report: Weighted-Average...Ch. 8 - Prob. 44ECh. 8 - Cost of Production: Weighted-Average and FIFO...Ch. 8 - Operation Costing: Ethical Issues Brokia...Ch. 8 - Prob. 47ECh. 8 - Prob. 48ECh. 8 - Prob. 49ECh. 8 - Suppose the marketing manager’s suggestion is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 51PCh. 8 - Prob. 52PCh. 8 - Prob. 53PCh. 8 - Prob. 54PCh. 8 - Prepare a production cost report for June for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 56PCh. 8 - Prob. 57PCh. 8 - Prob. 58PCh. 8 - Prob. 59PCh. 8 - Prob. 60PCh. 8 - Prob. 61PCh. 8 - Prob. 62PCh. 8 - Prob. 63PCh. 8 - Prob. 64PCh. 8 - Prob. 65PCh. 8 - Prob. 66PCh. 8 - Prob. 67PCh. 8 - Process Costing and Ethics: Increasing Production...
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- Tom Young, vice president of Dunn Company (a producer of plastic products), has been supervising the implementation of an activity-based cost management system. One of Toms objectives is to improve process efficiency by improving the activities that define the processes. To illustrate the potential of the new system to the president, Tom has decided to focus on two processes: production and customer service. Within each process, one activity will be selected for improvement: molding for production and sustaining engineering for customer service. (Sustaining engineers are responsible for redesigning products based on customer needs and feedback.) Value-added standards are identified for each activity. For molding, the value-added standard calls for nine pounds per mold. (Although the products differ in shape and function, their size, as measured by weight, is uniform.) The value-added standard is based on the elimination of all waste due to defective molds (materials is by far the major cost for the molding activity). The standard price for molding is 15 per pound. For sustaining engineering, the standard is 60 percent of current practical activity capacity. This standard is based on the fact that about 40 percent of the complaints have to do with design features that could have been avoided or anticipated by the company. Current practical capacity (the first year) is defined by the following requirements: 18,000 engineering hours for each product group that has been on the market or in development for five years or less, and 7,200 hours per product group of more than five years. Four product groups have less than five years experience, and 10 product groups have more. There are 72 engineers, each paid a salary of 70,000. Each engineer can provide 2,000 hours of service per year. There are no other significant costs for the engineering activity. For the first year, actual pounds used for molding were 25 percent above the level called for by the value-added standard; engineering usage was 138,000 hours. There were 240,000 units of output produced. Tom and the operational managers have selected some improvement measures that promise to reduce non-value-added activity usage by 30 percent in the second year. Selected actual results achieved for the second year are as follows: The actual prices paid per pound and per engineering hour are identical to the standard or budgeted prices. Required: 1. For the first year, calculate the non-value-added usage and costs for molding and sustaining engineering. Also, calculate the cost of unused capacity for the engineering activity. 2. Using the targeted reduction, establish kaizen standards for molding and engineering (for the second year). 3. Using the kaizen standards prepared in Requirement 2, compute the second-year usage variances, expressed in both physical and financial measures, for molding and engineering. (For engineering, explain why it is necessary to compare actual resource usage with the kaizen standard.) Comment on the companys ability to achieve its targeted reductions. In particular, discuss what measures the company must take to capture any realized reductions in resource usage.arrow_forwardThe following describes the job responsibilities of two employees of Barney Manufacturing. Joan Dennison, Cost Accounting Manager. Joan is responsible for measuring and collecting costs associated with the manufacture of the garden hose product line. She is also responsible for preparing periodic reports that compare the actual costs with planned costs. These reports are provided to the production line managers and the plant manager. Joan helps to explain and interpret the reports. Steven Swasey, Production Manager. Steven is responsible for the manufacture of the high-quality garden hose. He supervises the line workers, helps to develop the production schedule, and is responsible for seeing that production quotas are met. He is also held accountable for controlling manufacturing costs. Required: CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Identify Joan and Steven as line or staff and explain your reasons.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? a. Job-order costing is used only in manufacturing firms. b. Process costing is used only for services. c. Job-order costing is simpler to use than process costing because the recordkeeping requirements are less. d. The job cost sheet is subsidiary to the work-in-process account. e. All of these.arrow_forward
- Stan is opening a coffee shop next to Big State University. He knows that controlling his costs will be important to the success of the shop. He will not be able to work all the hours the shop is open, so the employees will need some guidelines to perform their jobs correctly. After talking to an accounting professor, he decides he needs a standard cost system for his shop. Describe the process Stan should follow in setting his standards for materials and labor.arrow_forwardA CPA would recommend changing from plantwide overhead rate application to departmental rates under which of the following circumstances? a. The plant produces one product. b. The plant produces multiple products that may or may not pass through all producing departments. c. The plant produces multiple products that pass through all of the producing departments. d. The plant produces many different products that consume the same amount of resources in each producing department.arrow_forwardWhich of the following product situations is better suited to job order costing than to process costing? A. Each product batch is exactly the same as the prior batch. B. The costs are easily traced to a specific product. C. Costs are accumulated by department. D. The value of work in process is based on assigning standard costs.arrow_forward
- Darnell Poston, owner of Poston Manufacturing, Inc., wants to determine the cost behavior of labor and overhead. Darnell pays his workers a salary; during busy times, everyone works to get the orders out. Temps (temporary workers hired through an agency) may be hired to pack and prepare completed orders for shipment. During slower times, Darnell catches up on bookkeeping and administrative tasks while the salaried workers do preventive maintenance, clean the lines and building, etc. Temps are not hired during slow times. Darnell found that workers salaries, temp agency payments, rentals, utilities, and plant and equipment depreciation are the largest dollar accounts. He believes that workers salaries and plant and equipment depreciation are fixed, temp agency payments are associated with the number of orders (since temp workers are used to pack and prepare completed orders for shipment), and electricity is associated with the number of machine hours. When the number of different parts stored by Poston exceeds the space in the materials storeroom, Darnell rents nearby warehouse space. He can rent as much or as little space as he wants on a month-to-month basis. Therefore, he believes warehouse rental payments are variable with the number of parts purchased and stored. The account balances for the past six months as well as the six-month total are as follows: Information on number of machine hours, orders, and parts for the six-month period follows: Required: 1. Calculate the monthly average account balance for each account. Calculate the average monthly amount for each of the three drivers. 2. Calculate fixed monthly cost and the variable rates for temp agency payments, warehouse rent, and electricity. Express the results in the form of an equation for total cost. 3. In July, Darnell predicts there will be 420 orders, 250 parts, and 5,900 machine hours. What is the total labor and overhead cost for July? 4. What if Darnell buys a new machine in July for 24,000? The machine is expected to last 10 years and will have no salvage value at the end of that time. What part of the cost equation will be affected? How? What is the new expected cost in July?arrow_forwardClassify the following cost drivers as structural, executional, or operational. a. Number of plants b. Number of moves c. Degree of employee involvement d. Capacity utilization e. Number of product lines f. Number of distribution channels g. Engineering hours h. Direct labor hours i. Scope j. Product configuration k. Quality management approach l. Number of receiving orders m. Number of defective units n. Employee experience o. Types of process technologies p. Number of purchase orders q. Type and efficiency of layout r. Scale s. Number of functional departments t. Number of planning meetingsarrow_forwardWhich of the following production characteristics is better suited for process costing and not job order costing? Each product batch is distinguishable from the prior batch. The costs are easily traced to a specific product. Costs are accumulated by department. The value of work in process is the direct material used, the direct labor incurred, and the overhead applied to the job in process.arrow_forward
- Give some examples of service firms that might use job-order costing, and explain why it is used in those firms.arrow_forwardJob-Order Costing versus Process Costing a. Auto manufacturing b. Dental services c. Auto repair d. Costume making Required: CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION For each of the given types of industries, give an example of a firm that would use job-order costing. Then, give an example of a firm that would use process costing.arrow_forwardLean manufacturing is characterized by all but one of the following: a. Employee empowerment b. Total quality management c. Inventories of goods awaiting further processing or consumption d. Elimination of wastearrow_forward
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