Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780321897398
Author: Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, David A. Stahl, Thomas Brock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 10RQ
Bacteriophage T4 lacks its own RNA polymerase. How do T4 genes get expressed or converted to mRNA? What host barriers must be broken before release of virions from the host cell?
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A bacteriophage λ is found that is able to lysogenize itsE. coli host at 30°C but not at 42°C. What genes may bemutant in this phage?
Why does phage T4 need a lysozyme-like protein in order toinfect its host, and what part of T4 enters the host cytoplasm?
Describe in general terms how bacteriophage lambda regulates the switch between lytic and lysogenic cycles
Chapter 8 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
Ch. 8.1 - How does a virus differ from a cell?Ch. 8.1 - Why does a virus need a host cell?Ch. 8.1 - Compared with cells, what is unusual about viral...Ch. 8.2 - Distinguish between a capsid and a capsomere. What...Ch. 8.2 - What is the difference between a naked virus and...Ch. 8.2 - What kinds of enzymes can be found within the...Ch. 8.3 - What is packaged into capsids during maturation?Ch. 8.3 - Explain the term burst size.Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 3MQCh. 8.4 - What is meant by a viral titer?
Ch. 8.4 - What is a plaque-forming unit?Ch. 8.4 - What is meant by the term plating efficiency?Ch. 8.5 - How does attachment contribute to virushost...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 8.5 - What part of phage T4 enters the host cytoplasm?
Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 8.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 8.6 - Prob. 3MQCh. 8.7 - Give one example each of T4 early, middle, and...Ch. 8.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 8.7 - What is required to package the T4 genome into its...Ch. 8.8 - What is a lysogen and what is a prophage?Ch. 8.8 - How does DNA replication in lambda differ from...Ch. 8.8 - What commits lambda to the lytic versus the...Ch. 8.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 8.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 8.9 - Prob. 3MQCh. 8.10 - Prob. 1MQCh. 8.10 - Prob. 2MQCh. 8.10 - Prob. 3MQCh. 8.11 - What type of bacteriophages are most common in the...Ch. 8.11 - Prob. 2MQCh. 8.11 - Prob. 3MQCh. 8 - Prob. 1RQCh. 8 - Prob. 2RQCh. 8 - Prob. 3RQCh. 8 - Why does a one-step growth curve differ in shape...Ch. 8 - Describe the events that occur on an agar plate...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - What is required for a bacteriophage T4 virion to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8RQCh. 8 - Prob. 9RQCh. 8 - Bacteriophage T4 lacks its own RNA polymerase. How...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11RQCh. 8 - Prob. 12RQCh. 8 - Prob. 13RQCh. 8 - Prob. 14RQCh. 8 - Why can it be said that the retrovirus genome is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 16RQCh. 8 - Prob. 17RQCh. 8 - What causes the viral plaques that appear on a...Ch. 8 - The promoters on genes encoding early proteins in...Ch. 8 - Under some conditions, it is possible to obtain...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4AQ
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- What are the advantages and disadvantages to bacteriophages of the lytic and lysogenic reproductive strategies?arrow_forwardSome mutations that occur in bacteria can cause the loss of phage receptors, and these bacteria become phage resistant. In order for a phage to infect the host bacterium, it is preferred that the cell wall is newly synthesized.why ?arrow_forwardYou are studying your favorite (hypothetical) bacteriophage named M277. It infects E. coli and stays dormant within the bacterial cell. How does a phage become dormant within a cell? Generally, describe the steps of infection by phage in this scenarioarrow_forward
- In what major way does transcription of phage DNA differ inphages T4 and T7?arrow_forwardAfter a phage injects its DNA into a bacterial cell, the cell begins making proteins that make up the phage coat. Why does the same thing not happen when a generalized transducing particle injects the DNA it carries?arrow_forwardWhat is the primary function of the N protein in the life cycle of the lambda bacteriophage? N protein participates in the integration of the viral genome into the host bacterium's chromosome N protein is responsible for viral attachment to the host bacterium N protein aids in the release of viral progeny from the host bacterium N protein is involved in the regulation of lysogenic and lytic pathwaysarrow_forward
- Most phages that use DNA to propagate work by hijacking host bacterial machinery including RNA Polymerase. Scientists found that treatment of jumbo bacteriophage PhiKZ with Rifampicin did not stop the phage from propagating. What is allowing for the survival of this phage?arrow_forwardOne of the reasons why phage therapy has not been applied widely is that bacteria can become resistant to bacteriophages as well, through mutations in genes encoding for specific proteins. What would be a protein in the bacterial cell that, if mutated, would make that cell resistant to phage infection?arrow_forwardWhy are retroviruses prone to accumulating oncogenes?arrow_forward
- Which of the following events occurs in the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection but NOT in the lysogenic cycle? a.both digestion of host DNA and viral proteins synthesis b.attachment c.viral protein synthesis d.digestion of host DNA e.entryarrow_forwardWhich of the processes of information transfer illustrated in Figure are required for the T2 phage reproduction illustrated in Figure ?arrow_forwardSelect all the following events that occurs in both the lytic and lysogenic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection. viral protein synthesis digestion of host DNA attachment entryarrow_forward
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