Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The equation for the reaction that takes place to increase the solubility of
Concept Introduction: The solubility of a salt is defined as amount of salt dissolved in per 100 mL of the solvent at a constant temperature.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
The reaction of aluminium ions and hydroxide ion forms aluminium hydroxide but it can also form
The precipitate is more soluble in very acidic and basic solutions.
The equations for reaction to increase the solubility of
The reaction in acidic solution is represented as follows:
The reaction in basic medium is represented as follows:
(b)
Interpretation: This is to be shown that the solubility of
Concept Introduction:
For a salt, the expression for solubility product can be written as follows:
The solubility product constant can be represented as follows:
(b)
Explanation of Solution
The relation between K,
Or,
The equilibrium constant expression can be represented as follows:
For the above reaction,
If ionization constant of water is used in this expression, the above expression can be rearranged as follows:
On rearranging,
Or,
The solubility product of
This can be rearranged as follows:
Also,
From equation (1) and (2),
(b)
Interpretation: The solubility of
Concept Introduction: The relation between solubility and hydrogen ion concentration can be represented as follows:
The relation between pH and hydrogen ion concentration can be represented as follows:
(b)
Explanation of Solution
The given value of K is 40.0 and solubility product constant is
The solubility of
Putting the value of K,
Or,
Now, for pH value 4, the hydrogen ion concentration will be
Similarly, for pH value 5, the hydrogen ion concentration will be
Thus, for pH value 6 -12, the solubility of
pH | |
6 | |
7 | |
8 | |
9 | |
10 | |
11 | |
12 | |
13 | |
14 |
The table for pH and solubility can be represented as follows:
pH | S |
4 | 0.02 |
5 | |
6 | |
7 | |
8 | |
9 | |
10 | |
11 | |
12 | 0.4 |
13 | 4 |
14 | 40 |
The plot can be represented as follows:
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Chemical Principles
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