Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8, Problem 5CONQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The pair of genes that have a more similar sequence α1 and α2 or ψα1 and α2.
Introduction:
A mechanism throughwhich, new genetic material is produced through molecular evolution is known as gene duplication. There are certaingenes that are regulated only at the time of gene regulation. Genes that are not regulated are known as the constitutive gene.
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Following a gene duplication, two genes will accumulate differentmutations, causing them to have slightly different sequences. InFigure shown, which pair of genes would you expect to have moresimilar sequences, α1 and α2 or ψα1 and α2? Explain your answer.
Why do scientists think that new genes arise byduplication of an original gene and divergence bymutation?
How can mutations cause changes to the traits?
Explain using the following steps:1- DNA
2- Gene
3- Protein
4- Traits We need one explanation for the normal side and one for the mutation side.
Can you explain in a few sentences how the change in the structure of the gene affects the function of the corn plant?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 8.1 - 1. A chromosome that is metacentric has its...Ch. 8.1 - Staining eukaryotic chromosomes is useful because...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 8.3 - Which of the following statements is correct? a....Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 8.4 - 1. A paracentric inversion
a. includes the...Ch. 8.4 - Due to crossing over within an inversion loop, a...Ch. 8.4 - 3. A mechanism that may cause a translocation is...Ch. 8.5 - 1. Humans have 23 chromosomes per set. A person...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1COMQ
Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 8.7 - The term endopolyploidy refers to the phenomenon...Ch. 8.7 - 2. In agriculture, an advantage of triploidy in...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 8.8 - The somatic cells of an allotetraploid contain a....Ch. 8 - 1. Which changes in chromosome structure cause a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2CONQCh. 8 - 3. How does a chromosomal duplication occur?
Ch. 8 - 4. What is a gene family? How are gene families...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5CONQCh. 8 - Two chromosomes have the following orders for...Ch. 8 - An inversion heterozygote has the following...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 8 - Explain why inversions and reciprocal...Ch. 8 - 10. An individual has the following reciprocal...Ch. 8 - A phenotypically normal individual has the...Ch. 8 - 12. Two phenotypically normal parents produce a...Ch. 8 - With regard to the segregation of centromeres, why...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 15CONQCh. 8 - 16. A phenotypically abnormal individual has a...Ch. 8 - 17. A diploid fruit fly has eight chromosomes. How...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 8 - 20. Aneuploidy is typically detrimental, whereas...Ch. 8 - 21. Explain how aneuploidy, deletions, and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 8 - 23. A cytogeneticist has collected tissue samples...Ch. 8 - Prob. 24CONQCh. 8 - A zookeeper has collected a male and a female...Ch. 8 - Prob. 26CONQCh. 8 - 27. What is mosaicism? How is it produced?
Ch. 8 - 28. Explain how polytene chromosomes of Drosophila...Ch. 8 - 29. Describe some of the advantages of polyploid...Ch. 8 - 30. While conducting field studies on a chain of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 31CONQCh. 8 - Which of the following terms should not be used to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 33CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 34CONQCh. 8 - A triploid plant has 18 chromosomes (i.e., 6...Ch. 8 - Prob. 36CONQCh. 8 - Prob. 37CONQCh. 8 - 38. A woman who is heterozygous, Bb, has brown...Ch. 8 - 39. What is an allodiploid? What factor determines...Ch. 8 - Prob. 40CONQCh. 8 - 41. Table 8.1 shows that Turner syndrome occurs...Ch. 8 - 42. Male honeybees, which are haploid, produce...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1EQCh. 8 - Prob. 2EQCh. 8 - With regard to the analysis of chromosome...Ch. 8 - 4. Describe how colchicine can be used to alter...Ch. 8 - 5. Describe the steps you would take to produce a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6EQCh. 8 - What are G bands? Discuss how G bands are useful...Ch. 8 - A female fruit fly has one normal X chromosome and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2QSDCCh. 8 - Besides the ones mentioned in this textbook, look...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4QSDCCh. 8 - 5. Discuss the importance of gene families at the...
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- Which type of mutation where a chromosome is found to be shorter that it’s homologous match?arrow_forwardAliens with orang eye color allele (o) is recessive to the dominant black eye color allele (O). The locus of the orange gene from 10 pure breed orange eyes aliens and 10 pure breed black eyes aliens. You notice a difference in the DNA sequence linked to each allele of the orange gene and you decide to use it as a physical marker to follow recombination between this sequence linked to the orange gene. These sequences consist of short tandem repeat (STR) with two different number of repeats, each associated with one of the two orange gene alleles. a PCR test distinguishes the 10 repeat STR and the 6 repeat STR associated with the O and o alleles respectively. Using primers on each side of the STRs you can amplify by PCR this sequence and visualizing the size of the 10 repeat and 6 repeat STRs in an electrophoresis gel. You can follow the two STR sequences (10 and 6 repeats) linkage and recombination frequencies with the orange gene locus. The black eye aliens yield a PCR fragment that is…arrow_forwardThe following gene arrangements in a particular chromosome are found in different geographic regions. The changes in sequence were due to sequential inversions. ABCDEF DECAFB DEFACB AFEDCB Assuming that the arrangement in “a” is the original arrangement, in what sequence did the various inversion types arise?arrow_forward
- On which type of chromosome would you expect theleast number of new mutations per base pair? Why?arrow_forwardWhat is the order and interlocus distance between these 3 genes? which gene is in the middle and why,arrow_forwardLooking at the diagram, in terms of the ancestral gene vs. the resultant genes, describe three functional outcomes resulting from gene duplicationarrow_forward
- Why The Arrangement of Genesin the Genome Is Not Uniform?arrow_forwardImagine that you are mapping out genes on chromosomes similar to how Morgan did with fruit flies. You find gene A recombines with gene B 20% of the time, gene A recombines with gene C 5% of the time, and gene B and C recombine 17% of the time. Which gene is closest to gene B? A C Don't pick this one Don't pick this one eitherarrow_forwardWhen comparing evolutionary similarities between different genes within a gene family, it is usually more straightforward to compare genes by using the protein sequences of gene products rather than DNA sequences of the genes themselves. Explain why this is the case. (Write 5 points)arrow_forward
- What is the most likely order of the linked genes R, S, and T if the distance between R and S is 22 cM, the distance between S and T is 8cM, and the distance between R and T is 14 cM? A. R S T B. T R S C. Cannot be determined D. S T Rarrow_forwardA mutation in a coding region of DNA, but that does not change the amino acid, would almostcertainly be considered a(n) ____________ allele.And this kind of mutation is also called ___________ .b. Most nonsense mutations would create __________ alleles.However, describe a situation in which a nonsense mutation would create an isomoprh allele.c. A missense mutation will usually create a(n) _________ allele.However, describe a situation in which a missense mutation would create a neomorph allele.arrow_forwardWhat would be the gene map for the following genes with known recombination frequencies? D and A is 5.1 cM, A and C is 15.8 cM, A and B is 7.8 cM, C and D is 10.7 cM, and C and B is 8.0 cM.arrow_forward
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