Chapter 8.2, Problem 3MI

Summary Introduction

To define:

The given words using the book or dictionary

Introduction:

Photosynthesis is an anabolic pathway in which light energy from the Sun is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell. Light energy is trapped by pigments called chlorophyll. Photosynthesis occurs in two phases; light dependent reaction and light independent reaction.

Explanation of Solution

Thylakoid- Flat sac like structures inside chloroplasts is called thylakoids. Light dependent reaction of photosynthesis occurs here.

Granum- Thylakoids are arranged in a stack inside a chloroplast called a granum.

Stroma- It is the fluid filled space outside the grana. Light independent reaction of photosynthesis occurs here.

Pigments- These are chemicals that absorb different wavelength of light during photosynthesis.

NADP⁺- The final electron carrier in light dependent reactions. It combines with electrons to form energy storage molecules called NADPH.

Calvin cycle- This cycle occurs in stroma of chloroplasts. Also called the light independent reaction, in this phase an enzyme RuBisCO helps in fixing the carbon dioxide into glucose and other organic compounds. Energy is supplied by ATP and NADPH to carry out the cycle. Rubisco- It is an enzyme in the Calvin cycle that converts inorganic carbon molecules into organic molecules that can be used by the cell.