Concept explainers
The line below represents a mature eukaryotic
stop codon
intron
promoter
start codon
termination sequence
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Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
- Assume the following portion of an mRNA. Find a start signal, and write the amino acid sequence that is coded for. 5'-GCCAUGUUUCCGAGUUAUCCCAAAGAUAAAAAAGAG 3'arrow_forwardGiven the following DNA sequence: 3'-TACTTNGTNCTNTCN-5' where N stands for any nucleotide, give the complementary mRNA sequence. Indicate direction of strand as 3'--> 5' or 5'--> 3' as in the given sequence above. Give the amino acid sequence of your mRNA sequencelin No. 1. Indicate direction of strand as above. Use all lowercase letters, 3-letter name of amino acid separated by a hyphen (-), no spaces in-between.arrow_forwardDuring translation, the formation of peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids requires peptidyl transferase enzyme activity, which is carried out by ______________________. Release Factor 23S rRNA of the large ribosomal subunit 16S rRNA of the small ribosomal subunit tRNA A protein enzyme called peptidyl transferasearrow_forward
- You may wish to consult the genetic code above to answer the following question. A mutation has changed a portion of a protein coding gene that encodes a messenger RNA sequence. The original messenger RNA sequence is 5-AUGCCCAGAGCU-3' Which mutation is a nonsynonymous (missense) mutation that changes a single amino acid in the encoded protein? O 5-AUGCCCAGGGCC-3' O 5'-AUGCCCUGAGCU-3' O 5'-AUGCCCACAGCU-3 5'-AUGCCCCAGAGCU-3arrow_forwardRefer to the partial gene sequence of DNA nucleotide bases listed below, and the genetic code chart on the next page to answer the following questions. Partial gene sequence of DNA nucleotides: A C C T T A A T G A A C T C T 42. What is the mRNA nucleotide sequence that would result from transcription of the partial gene sequence of DNA nucleotides? 43. What is the protein amino acid sequence resulting from translation of the mRNA sequence from the previous question? 44. In the gene sequence of DNA nucleotides, guanine (G) is mistakenly replaced by adenine (A) during DNA replication. What type of mutation would this be considered based on how it occurred? ________ a) spontaneous b) gametic c) mutagenic d) carcinogenic 45. Consider the mutation from the previous question. If it occurred within a skin cell of the body, what type of mutation would this also be considered based on where it occurred? ________ a) gametic b) germline c) heritable d) somaticarrow_forwardListed below are five amino acids. Use the genetic code to determine the exact codon for each amino acid. A point mutation at the genetic level in each codon results in the change indicated. For each mutation, indicate whether it is due to a transition or a transversion, and then indicate the effect of each mutation at the protein (amino acid level) (i.e. silent, nonsense, missense). In addition, Please note, each of the three lines above an amino acid represents a single RNA base. For example, when you look at the codon chart AUG would stand for Met (methionine) Lys 1 Glu Ile 3 Stop Ile 4.arrow_forward
- Indicate whether each of the following events occurs when tryptophan is high or when tryptophan is low by placing a check in each of the appropriate blanks. Share your reasoning. Event Tryptophan high Tryptophan low Ribosome does not stall at Trp codons ____________ ____________ Region 2 of the leader pairs with region 3 ____________ ____________ Ribosome covers part of region 2 of leader ____________ ____________ Transcription is terminated before structural genes are transcribed ____________ ____________arrow_forwardTable 8.2 Codons in mRNA molecule and their corresponding amino acids UUU UUA GCA AAG GOU O nonsense Oleucine Refer to Table 8.2. UAU codes for which amino acid? O lysine O alanine Phenylalanine UAU leucine UAA alanine lysine valine UCG, UCU O tyrosine AAU UGC tyrosine nonsense asparagine cysteine serinearrow_forwardIn eukaryotic mRNA there are 90 nucleotide involved in translation process. What is the number of amino acid in the protein formed by this mRNA molecule?arrow_forward
- Listed below are five amino acids. Use the genetic code to determine the exact codon for each amino acid. A point mutation at the genetic level in each codon results in the change indicated. For each mutation, indicate whether it is due to a transition or a transversion, and then indicate the effect of each mutation at the protein (amino acid level) (i.e. silent, nonsense, missense). In addition, Please note, each of the three lines above an amino acid represents a single RNA base. For example, when you look at the codon chart AUG would stand for Met (methionine) Lys 2 1 Glu Ile 4 Stop Ile Mutation 1: 1. Circle the appropriate answer: This mutation is a transition/transversion 2. Circle the appropriate answer: This mutation results in a missense/silent/nonsense mutation in the protein sequence. Mutation 2: 1. Circle the appropriate answer: This mutation is a transition/transversion 2. Circle the appropriate answer: This mutation results in a missense/silent/nonsense mutation in the…arrow_forwardFor each of the following items, fill in either the DNA strand, the MRNA codons, the tRNA anticodons, or the amino acid sequence that have been left blank. If several sequences might work, choose only one. Furthermore, circle the start and the stop codons of each mRNA sequence. 1. DNA (3'-5') ACG TAC GGC CGG TTA AAG CAT ACT TTC TTG MRNA TRNA Amino Acid 2. DNA (3'-5') MRNA AUG ACU AGC UGG GGG UAU UAC UUU UAG AAA TRNA Amino Acid 3. DNA (3'-5') MRNA TRNA GCU CCU UAC CAC ССС CGU AUG GCU GGG AUC Activate Go to Sett Amino Acidarrow_forwardDraw a eukaryotic mRNA that has been fully processed. Label the key parts including the Kozak sequencearrow_forward
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