Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The increasing order of lattice energies among
Concept Introduction:
Lattice energy is used to determine the bond strength in ionic compounds. It is the heat of formation for ions of opposite charge in the gaseous phase combine to form an ionic solid.
Lattice energy is the energy required to separate a mole of an ionic solid into gaseous ions. It cannot be measured empirically but it can be estimated by the Born-Haber cycle.
The two main factors responsible for the magnitude of the lattice energy are the charge and radius of the bonded ions. The effect of those factors is as follows:
1. If the charge of the ions increases, the lattice energy increases.
2. If the size of the ions increases, the lattice energy decreases.
The magnitude of the lattice energy for any given ionic solid is determined by equation written as follows:
Here,
(b)
Interpretation:
The increasing order of lattice energies among
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
The increasing order of lattice energies among
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 9 Solutions
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
- 7.74 In a lattice, a positive ion is often surrounded by eight negative ions. We might reason, therefore, that the lattice energy should be related to eight times the potential of interaction between these oppositely charged particles. Why is this reasoning too simpler?arrow_forwardGiven the bonds C N, C H, C Br, and S O, (a) which atom in each is the more electronegative? (b) which of these bonds is the most polar?arrow_forwardArrange the following series of compounds in order of increasing lattice energies. (a) NaBr, NaCl, KBr (b) MgO, CaO, CaCl2 (c) LiF, BeF2, BeOarrow_forward
- Write all resonance structures of chlorobenzene, C6H5Cl, a molecule with the same cyclic structure as benzene. In all structures, keep the CCl bond as a single bond. Which resonance structures are the most important?arrow_forwardDefine the term lattice energy. Why, energetically, do ionic compounds form? Fig. 3-8 illustrates the energy changes involved in the formation of MgO(s) and NaF(s). Why is the lattice energy of MgO(s) so different from that of NaF(s)? The magnesium oxide is composed of Mg2+ and O2 ions. Energetically, why does Mg2+O2 form and not Mg+O? Why doesnt Mg3+O3 form?arrow_forwardFor elements in Groups 4A-7A of the periodic table, give the number of bonds an element is expected to form (in an uncharged molecule) if it obeys the octet rule.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning