Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The structure of the molecule hexanedinitrile is to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
The structure of a nitrile can be drawn on the basis of its IUPAC name as follows. The name consists of three parts, a prefix, a root, and a suffix. The suffix is ‘nitrile’. The root, which is the middle part of the name, shows the number of carbons in the longest continuous carbon chain that also contains the nitrile group. The nitrile carbon is a part of this chain. If the nitrile is attached to a ring, the nitrile carbon is not considered a part of the root. Any lower priority functional groups attached to this chain or ring are named in the prefix with their locants. The numbering of the carbons in the root starts at the nitrile carbon if the root is an open chain. If the root is a ring, the carbon with the nitrile group is numbered 1, and the numbering continues in the direction that will give the lowest possible numbers to any substituent groups.
(b)
Interpretation:
The structure of the molecule,
Concept introduction:
The structure of a nitrile can be drawn on the basis of its IUPAC name as follows. The name consists of three parts, a prefix, a root, and a suffix. The suffix is ‘nitrile’. The root, the middle part of the name shows the number of carbons in the longest continuous carbon chain that also contains the nitrile group. The nitrile carbon is a part of this chain. If the nitrile is attached to a ring, the nitrile carbon is not considered a part of the root. Any lower priority functional groups attached to this chain or ring are named in the prefix, with their locants. The numbering of the carbons in the root starts at the nitrile carbon if the root is an open chain. If the root is a ring, the carbon with the nitrile group is numbered 1, and the numbering continues in the direction that will give the lowest possible numbers to any substituent groups.
If the molecule contains a chiral carbon, the absolute configuration is specified at the start of the name. The configuration is shown using a dash/wedge representation so that the priority groups 1 to 3 are arranged in a clockwise direction with the lowest priority group pointing away from the observer for an R configuration. The three groups are arranged in counterclockwise direction with the lowest priority group pointing away from the observer for an S configuration. The respective directions are reversed if the lowest priority group is pointing toward the observer.
(c)
Interpretation:
The structure of
Concept introduction:
The structure of a nitrile can be drawn on the basis of its IUPAC name as follows. The name consists of three parts, a prefix, a root, and a suffix. The suffix is ‘nitrile’. The root, the middle part of the name shows the number of carbons in the longest continuous carbon chain that also contains the nitrile group. The nitrile carbon is a part of this chain. If the nitrile is attached to a ring, the nitrile carbon is not considered a part of the root. Any lower priority functional groups attached to this chain or ring are named in the prefix, with their locants. The numbering of the carbons in the root starts at the nitrile carbon if the root is an open chain. If the root is a ring, the carbon with the nitrile group is numbered 1, and the numbering continues in the direction that will give the lowest possible numbers to any substituents.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter F Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY E-BOOK W/SMARTWORK5
- Give one reaction that shows how the following organic compounds are prepared:a) etherb) esterWrite the name of reaction, include the complete structure and name of the reactants and products as well catalyst involved in the reaction.arrow_forwardBoth alcohols and carboxylic acids undergo substitution,but the processes are very different. Explainarrow_forwardIf this structure were to go through a dehydration reaction, what would be the different isomers that can be made? I can only think of one structure with the double bond.arrow_forward
- Encricle the functional groups in the followingf compounds, label each with the letters indicated and indentify the class in which the functional group may be foundarrow_forwardPlease draw the structure of (E,4S)-4-methyl-2-hexenearrow_forwarddraw the structure of all monobromo derivatives of pentane, C5H11Br, which contain a 4 carbon chainarrow_forward
- Cyclopentene reacted with bromine, Br 2, gives what product?arrow_forwardA. Which class/classes* of hydrocarbons is/are reactive to Br2 in CH2Cl2 ONLY in the presence of light? b. Which class/classes of hydrocarbons is/are reactive to Br2 in CH2Cl2 WITH OR WITHOUT light? c. Which class/classes of hydrocarbons is/are not reactive to Br2 in CH2Cl2 BOTH in the presence and absence of light?arrow_forward(a) Which of these compounds below would you expectto have the highest boiling point? (b) Which of thesecompounds is the most oxidized? (c) Which of these compounds,if any, is an ether? (d) Which of these compounds,if any, is an ester? (e) Which of these compounds, if any, isa ketone?arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning