Based on what you know about the development of cancer, was the mutation in your allele(kwas) the only mutation required for cancer formation in MDA-MB-231 cells
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Based on what you know about the development of cancer, was the mutation in your allele(kwas) the only mutation required for cancer formation in MDA-MB-231 cells?
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- What common mutation occurs in many human cancers? Explain how it can have this effect.In DNA repair, how does the normal allele of BRCA1 work? Is it an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene?The search for the BRCA1 breast cancer gene discussed in this chapter was widely publicized in the media (for example, Newsweek, December 6, 1993). Describe the steps taken by Mary-Claire King and her colleagues to clone this gene. How long did this process take?
- DNA sequencing has provided data to indicate that cancer cells may contain tens of thousands of somatic mutations, only some of which confer a growth advantage to a cancer cell. How do scientists describe and categorize these recently discovered populations of mutations in cancer cells?Describe the role of mismatch repair (MMR) in DNA repair.Why do mutations in MMR proteins increase the risk ofhuman cancer?The human genes that convey a susceptibility to hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer aregenes coding proteins involved in which DNA repair mechanism?
- Describe the role of mismatch repair (MMR) in DNA repair. Why can mutations in MMR increase the risk of human cancer?There are three broad categories of cancer-related genes: proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair/stability genes. Distinguish between these three groups, then indicate which you think RB1 belongs to.People who inherit two copies of the BRCA1 mutation are not born with cancer, and some of them never end up developing cancer. Give a possible explanation for why a mutation in a single gene does not always lead to cancer.
- Some initial studies looking at the carcinogenicity of tobacco products took extracts from those products and carried out various mutational assays on them. They rarely found any evidence that tobacco could cause cancer. Why would these experiments provide false negatives?Would the function of KRAS gene be lost or gained in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer derived cells? Please explain why.What type of mutation is present in the mutant allele of gene in cancer cell line? Include the specific effect that the mutant allele has on the final protein product in the MDA-MB-231 cells