Which of the following processes of genetic information flow can occur under laboratory conditions, but has never been observed to occur under natural conditions (either in living cells or in viruses)? transcription of RNA from a DNA template (using DNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase) self-replication of RNA from an RNA template (using RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase) direct-translation of protein from a DNA template (using special ribosomes) self-replication of DNA from a DNA template (using DNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase) translation of protein from an RNA template (using ordinary ribosomes)

Which of the following processes of genetic information flow can occur under laboratory conditions, but has never been observed to occur under natural conditions (either in living cells or in viruses)? transcription of RNA from a DNA template (using DNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase) self-replication of RNA from an RNA template (using RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase) direct-translation of protein from a DNA template (using special ribosomes) self-replication of DNA from a DNA template (using DNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase) translation of protein from an RNA template (using ordinary ribosomes)

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter15: Genomes And Genomics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6QP: Which of the following best describes the process of DNA sequencing? a. DNA is separated on a gel,...

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Which of the following processes of genetic information flow can occur under lab conditions, but has never been observed to occur under natural conditions (either in living cells or in viruses)? transcription of RNA from a DNA template (using DNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase) self-replication of RNA from an RNA template (using RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase) direct-translation of protein from a DNA template (using special ribosomes) self-replication of DNA from a DNA template (using DNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase) translation of protein from an RNA template (using ordinary ribosomes)
Which of the following features is common to both DNA replication and RNA transcription? Both RNA and DNA polymerase form a sugar-phosphate bond between the 3' hydroxyl and the 5' phosphate. Both RNA and DNA polymerase require oligonucleotide priming. Both RNA and DNA polymerase incorporate deoxyribonucleotides into the growing sequence. Both RNA and DNA polymerase initiate at promoter sequences. Both RNA and DNA polymerase have extensive proofreading editing.
Some Events that May Occur during Transcription RNA polymerases detach. DNA polymerases detach. DNA polymerases proofread. RNA double helix is unzipped. DNA double helix is unzipped. DNA double helix forms again. mRNA is built in the 3′ to 5′ direction. mRNA is built in the 5′ to 3′ direction. RNA ligase fuses the Okazaki fragments. RNA polymerase binds to the sense strand. DNA polymerase binds to the sense strand. RNA polymerase binds to the antisense strand. DNA polymerase binds to the antisense strand. Listed in sequence, the events involved in DNA transcription numbered above are ___, ___, ___, ___ and ___.
Three common ways to repair changes in DNA structure are nucleotideexcision repair, mismatch repair, and homologous recombination repair. Which of these three mechanisms would be used to fix the following types of DNA changes?A. A change in the structure of a base caused by a mutagen in anondividing eukaryotic cellB. A change in DNA sequence caused by a mistake made by DNApolymeraseC. A thymine dimer in the DNA of an actively dividing bacterial cell
During DNA replication in E. coli, which enzyme forms the phosphodiester bond between an RNA primer and the first incoming deoxyribonucleotide for an Okazaki fragment on the lagging strand? topoisomerase DNA polymerase III DNA helicase DNA polymerase II DNA ligase Heterogeneous nuclear RNA is typically characterized by which of the following features? it is more common in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes it contains introns, but no exons it contains more exons than introns it contains exons, but no introns it contains more introns than exons
The smallpox virus, which actually has a fairly large genome size for a virus (about 190,000 base pairs), must use which of the following enzymes to replicate its nucleic acid? A. DNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase B. RNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase C. DNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase D. RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase E. reverse transcriptase
DNA is made of two strands that are antiparallel. If one strand runs from 3’ to 5’ direction the other one will go from 5’ to 3’ direction. During replication or transcription, whatever the process is, it will always follow the 5’ to 3’ direction using the 3’ to 5’ directed strand as the template strand. Therefore, if following is the DNA sequence 5’-CCG ATC GCA CAA-3’ Using this sequence as template after transcription no protein can be translated. Why? Presence of start codon Absence of start codon Due to mutation If you want to start the translation, what change you need in the second codon (from 5’ to 3’ direction)? Substitution of C with G No change4 Deletion of Both I & III
In eukaryotes, primers generated during DNA replication are made of _____________ and are removed by _____________. Group of answer choices RNA; 3'-->5' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerases RNA; 5'-->3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerases DNA; 3'-->5' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerases RNA; ribonuclease enzymes DNA; 5'-->3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerases DNA; ribonuclease enzymes
Consider the following DNA strand with the following nucleotide sequence: 3’-ATATCAGAGAATATCA-5’ The nucleotide sequence of the complementary DNA strand is . b. The nucleotide sequence of the antisense strand used in the transcription process is . c. The nucleotide sequence of the mRNA strand produced after the transcription process is 2. Compute for the base composition of a DNA molecule given that %T is 23% (reported to the nearest whole number; no need to add the % symbol). % A? %C? %G?
From the following DNA template, which sequence is synthesized by RNA Polymerase? 5’- T – C – C – T – A – A – G – A –3’ Group of answer choices 5’- A – G – G – A – T – T – C – T –3’ 5’- U – C – C – U – A – A – G – A –3’ 3’- A – G – G – A – U – U – C – U –5’ 3’- T – C – C – T – A – A – G – A –5’ 3’- T – G – G – A – T – T – C – T –5’
Which of the following statements is TRUE? Synthesis of the lagging strand requires more DNA helicase enzymes than synthesis of the leading strand. The lagging strand is synthesized in a semiconservative fashion while the leading strand is synthesized in a conservative fashion. The leading strand is replicated continuously for the entire length of the chromosome, e.g. while the lagging strand has multiple origins of replication The lagging strand has a higher mutation rate than the leading strand. None of the answers are true.
several options can be correct Consider the following segment of DNA, which is part of a linear chromosome: LEFT 5’.…TGACTGACAGTC….3’ 3’.…ACTGACTGTCAG….5’ RIGHT During RNA transcription, this double-strand molecule is separated into two single strands from the right to the left and the RNA polymerase is also moving from the right to the left of the segment. Please select all the peptide sequence(s) that could be produced from the mRNA transcribed from this segment of DNA. (Hint: you need to use the genetic codon table to translate the determined mRNA sequence into peptide. Please be reminded that there are more than one reading frames.) Question 6 options: ...-Asp-Cys-Gln-Ser-... ...-Leu-Thr-Val-... ...-Thr-Val-Ser-... ...-Leu-Ser-Val-... ...-Met-Asp-Cys-Gln-...