Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 10, Problem 9TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The amino acids together form the polypeptide chain and are joined by the peptide bonds. The amino acids are responsible for the formation of proteins. Proteins perform various functions of the body like repair,
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This molecule:
-is involved in translation
-may bind to the “start” codon on mRNA
-has an amino acid attachment site at one end
-has an anticodon at the other end ______
Which of the following statements regarding the genetic code is false?
The genetic code is nearly universal.
Each codon codes for only one amino acid.
Three different codons function to terminate translation.
There is a single initiation codon.
Each amino acid is encoded by a single codon.
In the genetic code, there are ___
More tRNAs than codons
More codons than amino acids
The same number of codons and amino acids
Multiple start codons
Chapter 10 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 10.1 - What is the direction of flow of genetic...Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 10.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 10.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 10.2 - How would removing a terminator from a gene affect...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 10.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 10.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 10.3 - Do the ends of protein-encoding genes have a poly...Ch. 10.3 - The splicing of pre-mRNA in eukaryotes involves...
Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 10.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 10.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 10.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 10.5 - Based on the gene sequences shown here, pick two...Ch. 10.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 10.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 10.5 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 10.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 10.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 10 - Which of the following best represents the central...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2TYCh. 10 - Prob. 3TYCh. 10 - Prob. 4TYCh. 10 - Prob. 5TYCh. 10 - Prob. 6TYCh. 10 - The legion of a tRNA that is complementary to a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 8TYCh. 10 - Prob. 9TYCh. 10 - Prob. 10TYCh. 10 - Lets suppose a gene mutation changed the sixth...Ch. 10 - What is the function of an aminoacyl-tRNA...Ch. 10 - A principle of biology is that the genetic...Ch. 10 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 10 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Which of the following steps in protein synthesis does not require a direct supply of energy? a. proofreading step by certain aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases b. translocation of mRNA in a ribosome c. linkage of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA d. alignment of a tRNA anticodon with an mRNA codonarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a factor in the lifetime of a protein? ANSWER Ubiquitination Post-translational phosphorylation Enrichment of Pro, Glu, Ser, and Thr in the protein primary sequence N-terminal sequence identityarrow_forwardTranslation begins with the_______ codon of mRNAand continues until a(n)_______ codon is reached. Individual amino acids are brought to the ribosome by______. These amino acids are linked into protein by _______bonds.arrow_forward
- A small section of mRNA codons has the following sequence:UGG GAA ACC UUC Some Amino Acids Aspartate Glutamate Glutamine Isoleucine Threonine Methionine Asparagine Tryptophan Phenylalanine The amino acids listed above that are coded by the mRNA codons are Answer, Answer, Answer, and Answer.Record your answer in order from left to right codons.arrow_forwardAll of the following are true about translation EXCEPT _____. as the ribosome moves from codon to codon, amino acids brought by successive tRNAs to the ribosome form a growing polypeptide when the ribosome reaches a stop codon, its subunits detach, and the mRNA and new polypeptide are released RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the coding strand of DNA Ribosomal subunits and a tRNA-carrying methionine converge on the start codon of an mRNAarrow_forwardWhen the ribosome reaches a nonsense codon, which of the following occurs? a methionine is incorporated the polypeptide is released a peptide bond forms the A site binds to a charged tRNAarrow_forward
- Which of the following types of mutation that changes the mRNA sequence after the codon that initiates translation is likely to have the most detrimental effect on the polypeptide product? Group of answer choices a substitution of the first nucleotide of a GGG codon a substitution of the third nucleotide in an ACC codon an insertion of a codon a deletion of two nucleotides a deletion of a codonarrow_forwardA tRNA ___ (_ nucleotides) binds to a specific mRNA ____ (_ nucleotides), complementary in sequence; A pairs with __, G pairs with __. Flexible pairing at the third base of a codon is called ___ and allows some tRNAs to bind to more than one codon.arrow_forwardA small section of mRNA codons has the following sequence:UGU GGU CAA CCG Some Amino Acids Valine Serine Proline Glycine Arginine Leucine Histidine Cysteine Glutamine The amino acids listed above that are coded by the mRNA codons are Answer, Answer, Answer, and Answer.Record your answer in order from left to right codons.arrow_forward
- Describe the process of protein synthesis and localize where each step takes place. Make sure to describe and use the following terms: Translation: mRNA to proteins (cytoplasm) mRNA w/codon, ribosomes, tRNA w/anticodon and amino acid, protein with 3D structurearrow_forwardThe genetic message to make a specific amino acid in a protein, is carried by a specific three nucleotide unit on the messenger RNA called aarrow_forwardAfter being irradiated, the gene coding for the E site is mutated, causing the E site to have a greater attraction for tRNA. Which process will be most directly affected by this mutation? DNA replication, Transcription, or Translationarrow_forward
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