Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073525310
Author: Leland H. Hartwell, Michael L. Goldberg, Janice A. Fischer, Leroy Hood, Charles F. Aquadro
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 13P
In the following group of figures, the pink lines indicate an area of a chromosome that is inverted relative to the normal (black line) order of genes. The diploid chromosome constitution of individuals 1–4 is shown. Match the individuals with the appropriate statement(s) that follow. More than one diagram may correspond to the following statements, and a diagram may be a correct answer for more than one question.
| a. | An inversion loop would form during meiosis I. |
| b. | A single crossover involving the inverted region on one chromosome and the homologous region of the other chromosome would yield genetically imbalanced gametes. |
| c. | A single crossover involving the inverted region on one chromosome and the homologous region of the other chromosome would yield an acentric fragment. |
| d. | A single crossover involving the inverted region yields four viable gametes. |
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Shown below are photomicrographs of Rhoeo tradescantia cells undergoing meiosis. Answer the following question for each of the photomicrographs:
Identify the cytogenetic abnormality observed (ex. ring, chain, laggard, bridge).
Identify the meiotic stage in which these aberrations are observed (as shown in the photomicrograph).
Explain how these aberrations are formed and relate to the possible causal mutation(s).
Will this result to sterile and/or fertile gametes? Explain.
Part of the karyotype of a diploid individual who is heterozygous for one chromosomal
rearrangement is shown in the diagram. The chromosomes involved in the rearrangement, and their
homologous pair, are shown. The location of each gene is labeled using horizontal lines and the
name of each gene is labeled using letters or numbers. Answer the following questions about the
diagram.
A. What rearrangement is shown? Be as specific as possible.
B. Describe a mutation scenario that could cause this rearrangement to be formed.
A
B
D
E
F
G
H
IXI
A
B
с
D
E
IIXDD
1
2
3
4
5
6
F
G
H
D
1
2
34
5
6
X
A diploid (2n) trihybrid individual with the genotype AaBbDd can make eight genetically different gametes.
2n = 4
n = 2
(1)
A
d.
ID
1 1
2 2
Gt: AaBbDd
Loci A/a and D/d are on chromosome 1 and locus B/b is on chromosome 2. Explain how a gamete containing the alleles A, D and b may be produced by meiosis. Refer
specifically to meiotic events occurring during Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I and Anaphase II. (NB: remember to refer to the organism above).
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
Ch. 12 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2PCh. 12 - For each of the following types of chromosomal...Ch. 12 - For the following types of chromosomal...Ch. 12 - One of the X chromosomes in a particular...Ch. 12 - Prob. 6PCh. 12 - Prob. 7PCh. 12 - Prob. 8PCh. 12 - Two wild-type fragments of human genomic DNA from...Ch. 12 - Indicate which of the four major classes of...
Ch. 12 - The recessive, X-linked z1 mutation of the...Ch. 12 - Genes a and b are 21 m.u. apart when mapped in...Ch. 12 - In the following group of figures, the pink lines...Ch. 12 - Three strains of Drosophila Bravo, X-ray, and...Ch. 12 - Prob. 15PCh. 12 - Suppose a haploid yeast strain carrying two...Ch. 12 - In the mating between two haploid yeast strains...Ch. 12 - During ascus formation in Neurospora, any...Ch. 12 - In the following figure, black and pink lines...Ch. 12 - In Drosophila, the gene for cinnabar eye color is...Ch. 12 - Semisterility in corn, as seen by unfilled ears...Ch. 12 - Prob. 22PCh. 12 - Prob. 23PCh. 12 - Prob. 24PCh. 12 - Duchenne muscular dystrophy DMD is caused by a...Ch. 12 - Explain how transposable elements can cause the...Ch. 12 - The Drosophila genome normally harbors about 40 P...Ch. 12 - Prob. 28PCh. 12 - Fred and Mary have a child named Bob. The genomic...Ch. 12 - Uniparental disomy is a rare phenomenon in which...Ch. 12 - Among adults with Turner syndrome, it has been...Ch. 12 - In Neurospora, his2 mutants require the amino acid...Ch. 12 - Human geneticists interested in the effects of...Ch. 12 - The incidence of Down syndrome will be very high...Ch. 12 - The Drosophila chromosome 4 is extremely small;...Ch. 12 - Down syndrome is usually caused by having a...Ch. 12 - Common red clover, Trifolium pratense, is a...Ch. 12 - The numbers of chromosomes in the somatic cells of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 39PCh. 12 - Somatic cells in organisms of a particular diploid...Ch. 12 - Prob. 41PCh. 12 - Prob. 42PCh. 12 - Chromosomes normally associate during meiosis I as...Ch. 12 - Using whole-genome sequencing, how could you...Ch. 12 - Prob. 45PCh. 12 - Prob. 46PCh. 12 - Seedless watermelons that you find in the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 48PCh. 12 - What characteristic property of translocations...Ch. 12 - In examining the genome of the rice Oryza sativa...Ch. 12 - Prob. 51PCh. 12 - Prob. 52PCh. 12 - The accompanying figure shows idiograms of human...
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- An individual heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation possesses the following chromosomes: A B • C D E F G A B • C D V W X R S • T U E F G R S • T U V W X a. Draw the pairing arrangement of these chromosomes in prophase I of meiosis. b. Diagram the alternate, adjacent-1, and adjacent-2 segregation patterns in anaphase I of meiosis. c. Give the products that result from alternate, adjacent-1, and adjacent-2 segregation.arrow_forwardShown below are photomicrographs of Rhoeo tradescantia cells undergoing meiosis. Answer the following question for each of the photomicrograph: a. Identify the cytogenetic abnormality observed (ex. ring, chain, laggard, bridge) b. Identify the meiotic stage in which these aberrations are observed (as shown in the photomicrograph) c. Explain how these aberrations are formed d. Will this result to sterile or fertile gametes? Explain.arrow_forwardAn individual is heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation, with the following chromosomes: A • B C D E F A • B C V W X R S T • U D E F R S T • U V W X a. Draw a picture of these chromosomes pairing in prophase I of meiosis. b. Draw the products of alternate, adjacent-1, and adjacent-2 segregations. c. Explain why the fertility of this individual is likely to be less than the fertility of an individual without a translocation.arrow_forward
- The letters below represent genes found on different chromosome pairs. Letters that are similar represent one gene found in a pair of homologous chromosomes. Another letter represents another gene found in another pair of chromosomes. Draw how these different pairs of chromosomes behave during meiosis. Show the complete phases of meiosis for each of the following: (a) Cc (b)BbCC (c)DdEe (d) AAbbCc (e) AaBbCcDd please do answer all and also show the crossing overarrow_forwardGenes A and B are on different chromosomes. An individual has the genotype: AaBb You sequence two gametes produced by this individual and find one gamete has the genotype AB, and one has the genotype Ab. How can this one individual (genotype AaBb) produce two gametes with different genotypes (AB or Ab)? Your answer should describe a specific process which occurs during meiosis. At what stage of meiosis does this process occur?arrow_forwardDraw a hypothetical cell’s chromosome configuration undergoing meiosis (show before meiosis, after meiosis I, and then after meiosis II) under each of the following situations: If there is one pair of homologous chromosomes AND there is nondisjunction in meiosis I. If there are two pairs of homologous chromosomes, one labeled ‘A’ and another labeled ‘B’.arrow_forward
- A woman with normal chromosomes mates with a man who also has normal chromosomes. a. Suppose that, in the course of oogenesis, the woman’s sex chromosomes undergo nondisjunction in meiosis I; the man’s chromosomes separate normally. Give all possible combinations of sex chromosomes that this couple’s children might inherit and the number of Barr bodies that you would expect to see in each of the cells of each child. b. What chromosome combinations and numbers of Barr bodies would you expect to see if the chromosomes separate normally in oogenesis, but nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes takes place in meiosis I of spermatogenesis?arrow_forwardAll of the following cells, shown in various stages of mitosis and meiosis, come from the same rare species of plant. a. What is the diploid number of chromosomes in this plant? b. Give the names of each stage of mitosis or meiosis shown. c. Give the number of chromosomes and number of DNA molecules per cell present at each stage.arrow_forwardA diploid (2n) trihybrid individual with the genotype EeFfGg can make eight genetically different gametes. Loci E/e and F/f are on chromosome 1 and locus G/g is on chromosome 2. Explain how a gamete containing the alleles e, f and g may be produced by meiosis. Refer specifically to meiotic events occurring during Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I and Anaphase II. (NB: remember to refer to the organism above).arrow_forward
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