EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134818979
Author: Killian
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 13, Problem 30ESP
The genetic code is degenerate. Amino acids are encoded by either 1, 2, 3,4, or 6 triplet codons (see Figure 13.7). An interesting question is whether the number of triplet codes for a given amino acid is in any way correlated with the frequency with which that amino acid appears in proteins. That is, is the genetic code optimized for its intended use? Some approximations of the frequency of appearance of nine amino acids in proteins in E. coli are given in the following:
- (a) Determine how many triplets encode each amino acid.
- (b) Devise a way to graphically compare the two sets of information (data).
- (c) Analyze your data to determine what, if any, correlations can be drawn between the relative frequency of amino acids making up proteins and the number of codons for each. Write a paragraph that states your specific and general conclusions.
- (d) How would you proceed with your analysis if you wanted to pursue this problem further?
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In HbS, the human hemoglobin found in individuals with sickle-cell anemia, glutamic acid at position 6 in the beta chain is replaced by valine.
Q.) Show that one of the glutamic acid codons can be converted to a valine codon by a single substitution mutation (i.e., by changing one letter in one codon).
Proteins called molecular chaperones assist in the process of protein folding. One class of chaperones found in organisms
from bacteria to mammals is heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). All Hsp90 chaperones contain a 10 amino acid signature
sequence that readily allows identification of these proteins in sequence databases.
Two representations of the Hsp90 signature sequence are shown here.
Y-x-[NQHD]-[KHR]-[DE]-[IVA]-F-[LM]-R-[ED].
4
YSNKE/FLRE
3.
7.
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
C
Bits
The genetic information contained in DNA consists of a linear sequence of coding units known as codons. Each codon consists of three adjacent DNA nucleotides that corresponto a single amino acid in a protien.
The E.coli DNA molecule contains 4.70 x 10^6 base pairs. Determine the number of codons that can be present.
Assuming that the average protein in E.coli consists of a chain of 400 amino acids, calculate the maximum number of protiens that can be coded by an E.coli DNA molecule.
Chapter 13 Solutions
EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
Ch. 13 - In a mixed heteropolymer experiment using...Ch. 13 - When repeating copolymers are used to form...Ch. 13 - The following represent deoxyribonucleotide...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1CSCh. 13 - A 30-year-old woman was undergoing therapy for...Ch. 13 - A 30-year-old woman was undergoing therapy for...Ch. 13 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on the...Ch. 13 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 13 - Assuming the genetic code is a triplet, what...Ch. 13 - The mRNA formed from the repeating tetranucleotide...
Ch. 13 - In studies using repeating copolymers, AC ......Ch. 13 - In a coding experiment using repeating copolymers...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7PDQCh. 13 - When the amino acid sequences of insulin isolated...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9PDQCh. 13 - Why doesnt polynucleotide phosphorylase (Ochoas...Ch. 13 - Refer to Table 13.1. Can you hypothesize why a...Ch. 13 - Predict the amino acid sequence produced during...Ch. 13 - A short RNA molecule was isolated that...Ch. 13 - A glycine residue is in position 210 of the...Ch. 13 - Refer to Figure 13.7 to respond to the following:...Ch. 13 - Most proteins have more leucine than histidine...Ch. 13 - Define the process of transcription. Where does...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 13 - Describe the structure of RNA polymerase in...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20PDQCh. 13 - Messenger RNA molecules are very difficult to...Ch. 13 - Present an overview of various forms of...Ch. 13 - One form of posttranscriptional modification of...Ch. 13 - Describe the role of two forms of RNA editing that...Ch. 13 - Substitution RNA editing is known to involve...Ch. 13 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 13 - Prob. 27ESPCh. 13 - Prob. 28ESPCh. 13 - Shown here are the amino acid sequences of the...Ch. 13 - The genetic code is degenerate. Amino acids are...Ch. 13 - M. Klemke et al. (2001) discovered an interesting...Ch. 13 - Recent observations indicate that alternative...Ch. 13 - Isoginkgetin is a cell-permeable chemical isolated...
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