Life: The Science of Biology
Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 13.4, Problem 2R
Summary Introduction

To review: The consequences of mismatch mutation in the formation of cancer.

Introduction:

There are many oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that are involved in the formation of a single tumor. Two vital oncogenes that were identified were Myc and Ras and their expression regulates the cell cycle and avoids apoptosis process. Experiments reveal that it takes the expression of both the oncogenes to set the motion of the cell cycle in the cells of the mouse and then converts them into the tumor cells. The experiment is explained below:

Life: The Science of Biology, Chapter 13.4, Problem 2R

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Discuss the complete cell cycle in a human cell, mitosis and meiosis, and the regulatory components (i.e. the proteins associated with cellular checkpoints) of the cell cycle. Tumor growth results when the cell cycle checkpoints are ignored. Give an example of how tumor growth could result from either a loss-of-function or a gain-of-function mutation.
Some cancers are consistently associated with the deletion of a particularpart of a chromosome. Does the deleted region contain an oncogene or atumor-suppressor gene? Explain.
Explain the concept of loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Why do most cancer cells exhibit LOH of one or more genes? How does failure of the spindle assembly checkpoint lead to loss of heterozygosity?
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