BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 17, Problem 1A
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used to amplify a particular DNA sequence. Reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is one of the easiest and fastest methods used to measure relative changes in the expression of the gene.
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Consider the following mRNA base sequence
5'Ā CUG-CACĀ 3'
(a) What dipeptide is coded for by this mRNA?
(b) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation convertsĀ CUGĀ toĀ CUU?
(c) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation convertsĀ CACĀ toĀ CGC?
(d) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation convertsĀ CUGĀ toĀ CUUĀ andĀ CACĀ toĀ CGC?
Shown below is a double-stranded bacterial (E. coli) DNA sequence coding for a hypothetical protein. The nucleotides are numbered 1 to 100.Ā
a)Although theĀ transcriptionĀ start site begins at the underlined C/G, which of the following is the nucleotide sequences needed upstream for transcription to actually occur?
b)What are the first 15 nucleotides of the mRNA?
c)What are the first 5 amino acids translated from the resulting mRNA?
d)A different mutation results in the substitution of the T/A base pair at position 30 (shown in bold and underlined) with a G/C base pair. How would this mutation affect the sequence of the protein that is produced?
What is the predicted size of the corresponding mature mRNA in base pairs (bp), excluding the 5ā cap and 3ā poly- A tail? a. 220bp b. 295bp c. 140bp d. 435bp
Chapter 17 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 17.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 17.1 - Describe the construction and uses of recombinant...Ch. 17.2 - Relate the process of DNA replication to PCR.Ch. 17.2 - Compare and contrast PCR, RT-PCR, and quantitative...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 17.3 - Describe the pros and cons of RNA interference and...Ch. 17.4 - Explain how the universal nature of the genetic...Ch. 17.4 - Compare and contrast knockout, knockin, and...
Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 17.5 - Describe the benefits of biofuel production from...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 17.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 17.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 17.6 - Compare and contrast FISH and gene chip...Ch. 17.6 - Describe how immunoassays can be used to diagnose...Ch. 17.7 - Describe the benefits of creating transgenic...Ch. 17.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 17.7 - Evaluate issues on each side of the transgenic...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1DACh. 17 - Prob. 2DACh. 17 - Prob. 1IQCh. 17 - Prob. 2IQCh. 17 - You study a gene known to be important in the...Ch. 17 - What is the basis of separation of different DNA...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3UCh. 17 - FISH analysis of a breast tumor biopsy for HER2...Ch. 17 - In terms of studying gene function, what is the...Ch. 17 - The Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium usually induces...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1ACh. 17 - Which of the following statements is accurate for...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3ACh. 17 - Many human proteins, such as hemoglobin, are only...Ch. 17 - Amyloid beta is a proteolytic product of a protein...
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- Consider the following mRNA base sequence 5' CUU CAG 3 a What dipeptide is coded for this mRNA? Ā b. What dipeptide is formed if a point mutation converts CUU to CUC? Ā c. What dipeptide is formed it a point mutation converts CAG to AAG?arrow_forwardGiven the template DNA sequence:Ā 3ā - TAC - CAG - GTT - ACC - ATC - 5āĀ Ā A.) What will be the mRNA requence corresponding to the template DNA sequence? B.) What is the amino acid sequence in letter A? ( e.g. Arg, Phe, etc.)Ā C.) If the coding sequence of the dsDNA will "serve" as the template for transcription, what is the corresponding mRNA sequence? D.) With the mRNA transcript in letter C, what will be the amino acid sequence?Ā ( e.g. Arg, Phe, etc.)arrow_forwardIn a competitive RNA microarray experiment, you hybridize two samples to the same chip.Ā Before hybridization, sample A is labeled with red fluorescence and Sample B is labeled with green fluorescence.Ā Spot 1142 is yellow.Ā What does this tell you about the relative abundance of the mRNA corresponding to this spot in the two samples? Group of answer choices It is equally abundant in both samples A and B. It is more abundant in B than A. It is more abundant in A than B. It is not present in either A or B.arrow_forward
- You observe a piece of mRNA. A few minutes later you see this mRNA has now been converted into DNA. How is this possible? Explain the protein responsible to do this. Also, what other sequences can this protein convert? What can this help researchers determine?arrow_forwardYour investors are concerned that the GasP protein might not be sufficiently produced under normal laboratory conditions. They suggest controlling the transcription of the gasP gene using a chemical that will ātriggerā its transcription. a. What type of promoter could be used? b. What chemical will you use to control transcription? c. How does this method of control work?arrow_forwardThe following is as segment of mRNA: 5'-UCGGAAUGUGGUGGCAUACAGGCUUACAGAACUAAGUCUGAGAAU-3' A. How many amino acids long will be the protein translated from the only reading frame available in this segment? B. If a mutation changes the third letter of the stop codon in the only reading frame available in this segment, how many amino acids long will be the protein translated?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not a possible size (in bp) of the mature mRNA? a. 205bp b. 180bp c. 150bp d. 100bparrow_forwarda)Ā introns removed Ā b)Ā exons removed Ā c)Ā 5' cap added Ā d)Ā 3' cap added Ā e)Ā poly G tail added to 5' end Ā f)Ā poly A tail added to 3' end Ā g)Ā a cap binding protein added to the 5' end Ā h)Ā poly A binding proteins added Ā i)Ā of these answers, b, c, and f only Ā j)Ā of these answers, a, c, and f only . k)Ā of these answers a, c, f, g, and h only Pre-mRNA must undergo which of the following modifications before leaving the nucleus?arrow_forwardConsider the following portion of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides: 5ā ā CUU AAA CCA GUU ā 3ā a. What is the template DNA sequence that was used to synthesize this portion of mRNA? b. What is the amino acid order produced from this mRNA? c. Write the amino acid sequence if a mutation changes CUU to CAU. Is this likely to affect protein function?arrow_forward
- The following is a portion of an mRNA sequence: Ā 3ā āAUCGUCAUGCAGA-5ā a)During transcription, was the adenine at the left-hand side of the sequence the firstĀ or the last nucleotide used to build the portion of the mRNA shown? Explain how you know. b)Write out the sequence and polarity of the DNA duplex that encodes this mRNA segment. Label the template and coding DNA strands. c)Identify the direction in which the promoter region for this gene will be located.arrow_forwardYou sequence a gene of interest and isolate the matching mRNA. You find that the mRNA is considerably shorter than the DNA sequence. Why is that?arrow_forwardA given section of DNA with the sequence TACACTGGTCAT is transcribed. What is the corresponding sequence on the mRNA transcription? Group of answer choices A: TACACTGGTCAT B: ATGTGACCAGTA C: UACACUGGUCAU D: AUGUGACCAGUA None of the answers providedarrow_forward
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