Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The solubility behavior of Cetylethyldimethylammonium bromide in water and diethyl ether is to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
▸ A general rule of solubility is: like dissolves like.
▸ Polar and ionic solids are dissolved in polar solvents.
▸ Nonpolar solids are dissolved in nonpolar solvents.
▸ Cetylethyldimethylammonium bromide is a salt and contains some ionic characteristics.
▸ The water is a polar solvent and according to the solubility rule, the ionic solids are soluble in water. The organic cation and the bromide ion are solvated by the water molecule.
▸ Diethyl ether is an organic compound.
▸ The hydrophobic part that is alkyl group is lipophilic and nonpolar. Due to the attractive dispersion forces between alkyl group and ether molecule. The compound Cetylethyldimethylammonium bromide is soluble in ether.
▸ The species resistant to water or the species that are incompatible with water are termed as hydrophobic.
▸ The water loving species or the species compatible with water are termed as hydrophilic species.
▸ If the compound contains one hydrophilic group and more than six carbon atoms, then the compound is insoluble in water.
▸ Alkyl chains with high molecular weight are hydrophobic in nature.
▸ The hydroxyl group is hydrophilic in nature because it forms hydrogen bonding with water molecules.
▸ The carbonyl oxygen and hydroxyl group of carboxylic acid are hydrophilic in nature.
▸ A hydrogen bond is a partially electrostatic force of attraction between a hydrogen atom which is bound to more electronegative atom such as nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine and another atom bearing a lone pair of electron.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning