EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
7th Edition
ISBN: 8220100853180
Author: STOKER
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 21, Problem 21.67EP
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The validation of the given pairing of concept related to regulation of enzyme activity has to be stated.
Concept introduction: The regulation of enzyme activity is very important within a cell. There are three mechanisms associated with the regulation of enzyme activity: 1. feedback control, 2. proteolytic enzymes and zymogens, and 3. Covalent modification.
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The validation of the given pairing of concept related to regulation of enzyme activity has to be stated.
Concept introduction: The regulation of enzyme activity is very important within a cell. There are three mechanisms associated with the regulation of enzyme activity: 1. feedback control, 2. proteolytic enzymes and zymogens, and 3. Covalent modification.
(c)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The validation of the given pairing of concept related to regulation of enzyme activity has to be stated.
Concept introduction: The regulation of enzyme activity is very important within a cell. There are three mechanisms associated with the regulation of enzyme activity: 1. feedback control, 2. proteolytic enzymes and zymogens, and 3. Covalent modification.
(d)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The validation of the given pairing of concept related to regulation of enzyme activity has to be stated.
Concept introduction: The regulation of enzyme activity is very important within a cell. There are three mechanisms associated with the regulation of enzyme activity: 1. feedback control, 2. proteolytic enzymes and zymogens, and 3. Covalent modification.
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Identify the type of regulation of enzyme activity seen in the following situations - for example, competitive inhibition, allosterism, phosphorylation, zymogen conversion, association-dissociation, feedback inhibition, etc.
a. Trypinsogen, which is not catalytically active, is converted to the active enzyme trypsin by removal of a hexapeptide from the N-terminal end.
b. The dimer protein kinases is catalytically inactive. Binding of cAMP causes protein kinase dimer to split into its monomer which are active catalysts.
Define the following terms: a. oxidoreductase b. lyase c. ligase d. transferase e. isomerase
Which of the following best explains why enzyme catalysis is affected by a change in pH?
A. Change in pH alters ionization states of serine in the active site involved in nucleophilic catalysis
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C. Change in pH alters ionization states of contact amino acids in the active site
D. All enzymes have optimum pH
Chapter 21 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
Ch. 21.1 - Which of the following statements concerning the...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.2 - Which of the following statements about a...Ch. 21.2 - Which of the following statements about cofactors...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 3QQCh. 21.3 - Which of the following statements concerning an...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.3 - Which of the following pairings of enzyme type and...Ch. 21.3 - Which of the following pairings of enzyme type and...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 1QQ
Ch. 21.4 - Which of the following statements concerning the...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 3QQCh. 21.5 - The specificity of an enzyme that catalyzes the...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.6 - The number of substrate molecules converted to...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 21.7 - Extremozyme presence is not possible in which of...Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.8 - Prob. 1QQCh. 21.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.8 - Prob. 3QQCh. 21.9 - Prob. 1QQCh. 21.9 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.9 - Prob. 3QQCh. 21.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 21.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.11 - Prob. 1QQCh. 21.11 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.12 - Prob. 1QQCh. 21.12 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.12 - Prob. 3QQCh. 21.13 - Prob. 1QQCh. 21.13 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.13 - In the recharging of a metal-containing enzyme by...Ch. 21.14 - Prob. 1QQCh. 21.14 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.14 - Prob. 3QQCh. 21.14 - Which of the B vitamins has a name that draws...Ch. 21.14 - Prob. 5QQCh. 21.14 - Prob. 6QQCh. 21.15 - Prob. 1QQCh. 21.15 - Prob. 2QQCh. 21.15 - Prob. 3QQCh. 21.15 - For which of the following vitamins is blood...Ch. 21.15 - Prob. 5QQCh. 21 - What is the general role of enzymes in the human...Ch. 21 - Why does the body need so many different enzymes?Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.3EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.4EPCh. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following phrases...Ch. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following phrases...Ch. 21 - Explain why a metal ion can function as a cofactor...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.8EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.9EPCh. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.11EPCh. 21 - Based on its name, indicate whether each of the...Ch. 21 - Predict the function of each of the following...Ch. 21 - Predict the function of each of the following...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.15EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.16EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.17EPCh. 21 - Suggest a name for an enzyme that catalyzes each...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.19EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.20EPCh. 21 - To which of the six major classes of enzymes does...Ch. 21 - To which of the six major classes of enzymes does...Ch. 21 - Identify the enzyme needed in each of the...Ch. 21 - Identify the enzyme needed in each of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.25EPCh. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 21 - Indicate whether each of the statements in Problem...Ch. 21 - Indicate whether each of the statements in Problem...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.29EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.30EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.31EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.32EPCh. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.35EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.36EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.37EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.38EPCh. 21 - What type of specificity (absolute, group,...Ch. 21 - What type of specificity (absolute, group,...Ch. 21 - The following graph shows the relationship between...Ch. 21 - Based on the graphical information in Problem...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.43EPCh. 21 - Based on the graphical information in Problem...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.45EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.46EPCh. 21 - Draw a graph that shows the effect of increasing...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.48EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.49EPCh. 21 - What is an enzyme turnover number?Ch. 21 - Describe the effect that each of the following...Ch. 21 - Describe the effect that each of the following...Ch. 21 - What is an extremophile?Ch. 21 - What are two common environmental settings where...Ch. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following pairings of...Ch. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following pairings of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.57EPCh. 21 - What type(s) of extremophiles are used in oil well...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.59EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.60EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.61EPCh. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.63EPCh. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.65EPCh. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.67EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.68EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.69EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.70EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.71EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.72EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.73EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.74EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.75EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.76EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.77EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.78EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.79EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.80EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.81EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.82EPCh. 21 - What is the medical diagnostic value associated...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.84EPCh. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following is a...Ch. 21 - Indicate whether each of the following is a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.87EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.88EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.89EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.90EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.91EPCh. 21 - What are the structural differences between the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.93EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.94EPCh. 21 - Vitamin C is biosynthesized in a two-step process....Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.96EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.97EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.98EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.99EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.100EPCh. 21 - Which of the B vitamins has a structure that fits...Ch. 21 - Which of the B vitamins has a structure that fits...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.103EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.104EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.105EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.106EPCh. 21 - The coenzyme forms of B vitamins are involved in...Ch. 21 - The coenzyme form of B vitamins are involved in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.109EPCh. 21 - What is the relationship between the plant pigment...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.111EPCh. 21 - List four major functions of vitamin A in the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.113EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.114EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.115EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.116EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.117EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.118EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.119EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.120EPCh. 21 - Which structural form of vitamin E exhibits the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.122EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.123EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.124EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.125EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.126EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.127EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.128EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.129EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.130EPCh. 21 - Prob. 21.131EPCh. 21 - Which vitamin or vitamins has (have) each of the...Ch. 21 - Which of the 13 vitamins has a structure that fits...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.134EP
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- The steps of the chymotrypsin mechanisms are listed below (1-7). Put the steps of chymotrypsin mechanism in the correct order. Figure representing chymotrypsin mechanism is given for reference. a.The portion (N-terminal end) of original substrate with the new C terminus diffuses away b. Substrate binding c. His 57 catalyzes removal of H from Ser 195 hydroxyl; Ser 195’s nucleophilic O attacks carbonyl C of substrate; tetrahedral intermediate is formed d. Water binding; water is deprotonated by His 57; resulting OH nucleophilically attacks carbonyl of remaining substrate; tetrahedral intermediate is formed e. His 57 donates H to N of…arrow_forwardWhich statement is/are TRUE about inhibitors? A. Mode of action of penicillin on bacteria is an example of irreversible inhibition. B. Increasing the substrate concentration does not affect competitive inhibitors C. Uncompetitive inhibitors bind only to the enzyme-substrate complex D. In the Lineweaver-Burke plot, the lines for enzymes in the presence and absence of noncompetitive inhibitor have different x-intercepts.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. genetic control b. proenzyme c. zymogen d. positive cooperativity e. negative cooperativityarrow_forward
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