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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: Whether the Vitamin K is likely to have a cofactor function in the human body or not has to be stated.
Concept introduction: Vitamins are the organic compounds that are essential in small amounts for the proper functioning of the human body. The vitamins should be included in the diet.
(b)
Interpretation: Whether the Vitamin
Concept introduction: Vitamins are the organic compounds that are essential in small amounts for the proper functioning of the human body. The vitamins should be included in the diet.
(c)
Interpretation: Whether the vitamin C is likely to have a cofactor function in the human body or not has to be stated.
Concept introduction: Vitamins are the organic compounds that are essential in small amounts for the proper functioning of the human body. The vitamins should be included in the diet.
(d)
Interpretation: Whether the thiamin is likely to have a cofactor function in the human body or not has to be stated.
Concept introduction: Vitamins are the organic compounds that are essential in small amounts for the proper functioning of the human body. The vitamins should be included in the diet.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- The protein insulin consists of two polypeptides termed the A and B chains. Insulins from different organisms have been isolated and sequenced. Human and duck insulins have the same amino acid sequence with the exception of six amino acid residues, as shown below. Is the pI of human insulin lower than or higher than that of duck insulin?arrow_forward3.1 Illustrate the relationship between the following: Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Glutathione, alpha-lipoic acid, and Niacin.arrow_forwardAn enzyme that catalyzes disulfide– sulfhydryl exchange reactions, called protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), has been isolated. PDI rapidly converts inactive scrambled ribonuclease into enzymatically active ribonuclease. In contrast, insulin is rapidly inactivated by PDI. What does this important observation imply about the relation between the amino acid sequence of insulin and its threedimensional structure?arrow_forward
- Phosphoproteins are formed when a phosphate group is esterified to an -OH group of a Ser, Thr, or Tyr side chain. At typical cellular pH values, this phosphate group bears two negative charges (-OPO32-). Compare this side-chain modification to the 20 side chains of the common amino acids found in proteins and comment on the novel properties that it introduces into side-chain possibilities.arrow_forwardIt is important to note that galactose is an important component of glyco- proteins. What is the effect on glycoprotein synthesis in case of galactosemic patients who are not given galactose in their diet? Explain this observation.arrow_forwardPropose a method to determine the size and basic structure of chymotrypsin for the purpose of determining if there are possibly any structural irregularities with the enzyme?arrow_forward
- Considering the formation of glycosidic linkages between monosaccharides, how many possible trisaccharides can be produced by combining glucose, mannose and galactose? How does this differ from the number of possibilities for a tripeptide composed of three different amino acids?arrow_forwardTrypsin, a peptidase that hydrolyzes polypeptides, functions in the small intestine at an optimum pH of 7.7–8.0. How is the rate of a trypsin-catalyzed reaction affected by each of the following conditions?arrow_forwardIdentify each of the following Haworth projection formulas as an a-D monosaccharide or a ß D-monosaccharide.arrow_forward
- What is the molecular weight of the Botulinum neurotoxin, a protein that contains 1350 amino acids? Assume an average distribution of amino acidsarrow_forwardDraw the α-l-glucopyranose sugars using Haworth projections:arrow_forwardIf phenylalanine was not an essential amino acid, would diet therapy (the elimination of phenylalanine from the diet) for PKU work?arrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
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