Concept explainers
Interpretation:
Phenol and chloroacetic acid react to form herbicide
Concept introduction:
Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.
Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.
Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron which makes it highly chemically reactive.
Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.
Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.
Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.
Phenols are compounds that bear a hydroxyl group on the benzene ring. These compounds are similar in structure to alcohols.
Chlorophenol is the derivative of benzene which consists of two groups substituted on the ring. The two groups on benzene are chlorine and hydroxyl.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 21 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Nonconjugated , -unsaturated ketones, such as 3-cyclohexenone, are in an acid-catalyzed equilibrium with their conjugated , -unsaturated isomers. Propose a mechanism for this isomerization.arrow_forwardb) The Wolf-Kishner reduction is a reaction used in Organic Chemistry to convert carbonyl functionalities into methylene group. The reaction was used to convert an aldehyde or ketone to an alkane using hydrazine, base and thermal conditions. The mechanism begins with the attack of hydrazine of the aldehyde or ketone. Stage 1: The reaction of aldehyde/ketone with hydrazine to produce hydrazine Stage 2: Reaction with the base and heat to convert hydrozone to alkane Write the mechanism of the reaction.arrow_forwardPredict the major products formed when benzoyl chloride (PhCOCl) reacts with the following reagents.(a) ethanoarrow_forward
- Dimethyl disulfide, CH,S–SCH3, found in the vaginal secretions of female hamsters, acts as a sexual attractant for the male hamster. Write an equation for its synthesis from methanethiol.arrow_forwardTreatment of a hydrocarbon A (molecular formula C9H18) with Br2 in the presence of light forms alkyl halides B and C, both having molecular formula C9H17Br. Reaction of either B or C with KOC(CH3)3 forms compound D (C9H16) as the major product. Ozonolysis of D forms cyclohexanone and acetone. Identify the structures of A–D.arrow_forwardAn alkene is treated with OsO4 followed by H2O2. When the resulting diol is treated with HIO4, the only product obtained is an unsubstituted cyclic ketone with molecular formula C6H10O. What is the structure of the alkene?arrow_forward
- Draw the structural formula of the enol formed in each alkyne hydration reaction; then draw the structural formula of the carbonyl compound with which each enol is in equilibriumarrow_forwardWhat is the structural requirement for a substance to react with ammoniacal AgNO3? Why would acetylene react with Tollen's reagent but not cyclohexane or cyclohexene?arrow_forwardProvide reagentsarrow_forward
- 4. Synthesize the following compound. You may use benzene, acetylene, ethanol and any inorganic reagents. O₂Narrow_forwardPropose a feasible synthesis for diphenylacetylene from bromobenzene. Draw the reaction scheme and briefly describe the reaction.arrow_forwardProvide a series of synthetic steps by which p-nitrophenol can be prepared from benzene.arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning