The mechanism of product formation of the given reaction is to be discussed. Concept introduction: Electrophiles are electron-deficient species that has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair. Nucleophiles are electron-rich species that has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair. Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons, which makes it highly chemically reactive. Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction. Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction. Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules. The Sommelet-Hauser rearrangement is a rearrangement reaction of benzyl quaternary ammonium salts. The reagent used in the Sommelet-Hauser rearrangement is the sodium amide or another alkali metal amide. A tautomer is the constitutional isomer that is readily interconvertible.

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Chapter 21, Problem 38P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism of product formation of the given reaction is to be discussed.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron-deficient species that has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron-rich species that has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons, which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

The Sommelet-Hauser rearrangement is a rearrangement reaction of benzyl quaternary ammonium salts.

The reagent used in the Sommelet-Hauser rearrangement is the sodium amide or another alkali metal amide.

A tautomer is the constitutional isomer that is readily interconvertible.

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