(a) Interpretation: The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=6 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined. Concept Introduction: A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the overall charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤ 2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains an overall positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH ≥ 10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain an overall negative charge.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=6 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the overall charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains an overall positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain an overall negative charge.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=10 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charge. At isoelectric point net charge of amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=2 needs to be determined. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the net charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

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Draw the structure of the amino acid L-leucine at each pH: (a) 6; (b) 10; (c) 2. Which form predominates at L-leucine's isoelectric point?

1. At what pH is the side chain of arginine 65% ionized? 2. At what pH is glutamate 25% ionized? 3. At what pH is the side chain of histidine 4/5 ionized? 4. At what pH is the side chain of cysteine 15% ionized? 5. At what pH is tyrosine 5/8 ionized?

A. Draw the structure of L-valine in a strongly basic solution. B. What is the charge of this amino acid in a strongly basic solution? C. What is the pH of D at its isoelectric point? D. Show the structure of this amino acid at its isoelectric point. E. What is the charge of this amino acid in a strongly acidic solution?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=6 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the overall charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains an overall positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain an overall negative charge.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=10 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charge. At isoelectric point net charge of amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=2 needs to be determined. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the net charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=6 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the overall charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains an overall positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain an overall negative charge.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=10 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charge. At isoelectric point net charge of amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=2 needs to be determined. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the net charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=6 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the overall charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains an overall positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain an overall negative charge.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=10 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charge. At isoelectric point net charge of amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=2 needs to be determined. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the net charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=6 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the overall charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains an overall positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain an overall negative charge.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=10 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charge. At isoelectric point net charge of amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=2 needs to be determined. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the net charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=6 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the overall charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains an overall positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain an overall negative charge.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=6 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the overall charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains an overall positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain an overall negative charge.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=10 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charge. At isoelectric point net charge of amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=10 needs to be drawn. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charge. At isoelectric point net charge of amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and the amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=2 needs to be determined. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the net charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of amino acid leucine at pH=2 needs to be determined. Whether this form of leucine predominates at isoelectric point or not needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A neutral amino acid exists in zwitterionic form. A Zwitterions' is a compound which does not have overall electric charge but contains separate part of positive and negative charged. At isoelectric point the net charge of the amino acid is zero. At low pH i.e. pH ≤2 the carboxylate anion is protonated, and amino acid contains a net positive charge. At high pH i.e. pH≥10 , ammonium cation loses a proton and amino acid leucine contain a net negative charge.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 21.2 - In addition to the amino and carboxyl groups, what...Ch. 21.2 - Draw both enantiomers of each amino acid in...Ch. 21.2 - Which of the following amino acids is naturally...Ch. 21.3 - Draw the structure of the amino acid valine at...Ch. 21.3 - Identify the amino acid shown with all uncharged...Ch. 21.4 - Identify the N-terminal and C-terminal amino acid...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 21.4P Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 21.4PP Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 21.5P Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 21.5PP

Solution Summary: The author explains the structure of amino acid leucine at pH=6 and if it predominates at its isoelectric point.

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