Interpretation:
The complete, detailed mechanism is to be drawn for the reaction shown.
Concept introduction:
Any substituents already present on the aromatic ring influence the position of substitution via their directing effect. Substituents that are electron-donating or weakly electron-withdrawing tend to direct the incoming electrophile to ortho-para positions. Substituents that are strongly electron-withdrawing tend to direct the incoming electrophile to meta positions.
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