GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP
GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305866966
Author: STOKER
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 23, Problem 23.91EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electron carrier NADH is associated with which of the protein complexes (I, II, III, and IV) of the ETC.

Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:

Complex I: NADH-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex II: Succinate-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex III: CoenzymeQ-cytochrome c reductase

Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase

An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:

GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP, Chapter 23, Problem 23.91EP , additional homework tip  1

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 23.91EP

NADH is associated with the complex I of the electron transport chain. Electrons from the citric acid cycle are transported to complex I through NADH molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Complex I consists of more than 40 structural subunits. Its structure has B-vitamin-containing flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and various iron-sulfur proteins (FeSP). NADH from the citric acid cycle initially interacts with the Complex I. The electron movement through this complex is from NADH to coenzyme Q(CoQH2). The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex I in the electron transfer chain is as follows:

GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP, Chapter 23, Problem 23.91EP , additional homework tip  2

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electron carrier CoQ is associated with which of the protein complexes (I, II, III, and IV) of the ETC.

Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:

Complex I: NADH-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex II: Succinate-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex III: CoenzymeQ-cytochrome c reductase

Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase

An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:

GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP, Chapter 23, Problem 23.91EP , additional homework tip  3

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 23.91EP

CoQ is associated with complex I, complex II and complex III. NADH and FADH2from complex I and II transfers electrons to CoQ respectively. CoQ gets reduced to CoQH2 and transfers electrons to complex III. In complex III, CoQH2 is oxidized to regenerate CoQ.

Explanation of Solution

NADH and FADH2from complex I and II transfers electrons to CoQ respectively. CoQ gets reduced to CoQH2 and transfers electrons to complex III. CoQH2 acts as a mobile electron carrier and transfers electrons from complex I, II to III. The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer from complex I, II to III in the electron transfer chain is as follows:

GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP, Chapter 23, Problem 23.91EP , additional homework tip  4

In complex III, CoQH2 is oxidized to regenerate CoQ. Initially, CoQH2 is oxidized and releases two electrons that are transferred to 2Fe(III)SP. The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex I in the electron transfer chain is as follows:

GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP, Chapter 23, Problem 23.91EP , additional homework tip  5

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electron carrier cyt b is associated with which of the protein complexes (I, II, III, and IV) of the ETC.

Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:

Complex I: NADH-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex II: Succinate-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex III: CoenzymeQ-cytochrome c reductase

Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase

An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:

GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP, Chapter 23, Problem 23.91EP , additional homework tip  6

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 23.91EP

Cyt b is associated with the complex III of the electron transport chain. Cyt b transfers an electron to FeSP unit in the complex III.

Explanation of Solution

Complex III consists of 11 structural subunits. Its structural subunits contain iron-sulfur proteins and various cytochromes. cyt b and cyt c1 are present in the complex III. CoQH2 from complex I and complex II transfers electrons to complex III and start the reactions of complex III. The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex I in the electron transfer chain is as follows:

GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP, Chapter 23, Problem 23.91EP , additional homework tip  7

Initially, CoQH2 is oxidized and releases two electrons that are transferred to FeSP and then to cyt b. The electrons from cyt b is then again transferred to another unit of FeSP and then to cyt c1.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine that the electron carrier cyt a is associated with which of the protein complexes (I, II, III, and IV) of the ETC.

Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:

Complex I: NADH-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex II: Succinate-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex III: CoenzymeQ-cytochrome c reductase

Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase

An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:

GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP, Chapter 23, Problem 23.91EP , additional homework tip  8

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 23.91EP

Cyt a is associated with the complex III of the electron transport chain. Cytc transfers electrons to cyta in the complex IV.

Explanation of Solution

Complex IV contains 13 structural subunits. It has two cytochrome units that have copper along with iron. The copper also participates in the redox reactions and changes its oxidation state from +2 to +1. Cyt c carries one electron from complex III to complex IV. In the complex IV, cytc transfers electrons to cyta and cyta transfers it to cyta3. In the last step, electrons from cyta3 and hydrogen ions react with molecular oxygen to form water.

The diagrammatic representation of the electron transfer in complex IV in the electron transport chain is:

GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP, Chapter 23, Problem 23.91EP , additional homework tip  9

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Chapter 23 Solutions

GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP

Ch. 23.3 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.4 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 23.6 - Which of the following occurs in the second stage...Ch. 23.6 - Which of the following stages in the biochemical...Ch. 23.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 23.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.7 - Prob. 3QQCh. 23.7 - How many NADH and FADH2 molecules are produced,...Ch. 23.7 - Which of the following citric acid cycle...Ch. 23.7 - In which of the following listings of citric acid...Ch. 23.8 - Which of the following is a fuel for the electron...Ch. 23.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.8 - What is the substrate that initially interacts...Ch. 23.8 - The number of fixed enzyme sites in the electron...Ch. 23.8 - In which of the following listings of electron...Ch. 23.8 - Prob. 6QQCh. 23.9 - How many of the four enzyme complexes in the...Ch. 23.9 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.9 - Prob. 3QQCh. 23.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.11 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.11 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.11 - Prob. 3QQCh. 23.12 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.12 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23 - Classify anabolism and catabolism as synthetic or...Ch. 23 - Classify anabolism and catabolism as...Ch. 23 - What is a metabolic pathway?Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.4EPCh. 23 - Classify each of the following processes as...Ch. 23 - Classify each of the following processes as...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.7EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.8EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.9EPCh. 23 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.11EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.12EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.13EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.14EPCh. 23 - Specify, by name and by number present, the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.16EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.17EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.18EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.19EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.20EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.21EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.22EPCh. 23 - Write a generalized chemical equation, containing...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.24EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.25EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.26EPCh. 23 - Draw each of the following types of block diagrams...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.28EPCh. 23 - What is the name of the B vitamin present in each...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.30EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.31EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.32EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.33EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.34EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.35EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.36EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.37EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.38EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.39EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.40EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.41EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.42EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.43EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.44EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.45EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.46EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.47EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.48EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.49EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.50EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.51EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.52EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.53EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.54EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.55EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.56EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.57EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.58EPCh. 23 - List, by name, the four general stages of the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.60EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.61EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.62EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.63EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.64EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.65EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.66EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.67EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.68EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.69EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.70EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.71EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.72EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.73EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.74EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.75EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.76EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.77EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.78EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.79EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.80EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.81EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.82EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.83EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.84EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.85EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.86EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.87EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.88EPCh. 23 - Indicate whether each of the following changes...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.90EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.91EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.92EPCh. 23 - Which electron carrier shuttles electrons between...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.94EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.95EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.96EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.97EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.98EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.99EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.100EPCh. 23 - Put the following substances in the correct order...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.102EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.103EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.104EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.105EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.106EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.107EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.108EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.109EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.110EPCh. 23 - How many protons cross the inner mitochondrial...Ch. 23 - How many protons cross the inner mitochondrial...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.113EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.114EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.115EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.116EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.117EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.118EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.119EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.120EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.121EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.122EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.123EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.124EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.125EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.126EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.127EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.128EPCh. 23 - Indicate whether or not each of the following B...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.130EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.131EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.132EP
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