To discuss:
Function of magnesium, regulation of magnesium by vitamin D and the parathyroid hormone, hypomagnesemia, and hypermagnesemia.
Introduction:
The proper composition and balance of fluid, electrolyte, and acid–base are required to regulate the cellular functions of the body. The urinary, digestive, endocrine, lymphatic, nervous, cardiovascular systems etc. maintain these balances.
Fluid balance: Equal maintenance of fluid gain and loss; and proper distribution of fluid in the body.
Electrolyte balance: Equal maintenance of absorbed electrolytes by the small intestine and loss of electrolytes through urine in the body.
Acid–base balance: Maintenance of the stable body pH.
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Chapter 24 Solutions
LSC (CONCORDIA UNIV ST PAUL) BIO 315/316: B&N DPF Connect with APR and Phils Online Access for Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function 180 Day Access ENTRP
- To determine: The effect of calcitonin on blood calcium levels when the release of this hormone is controlled by negative feedback mechanism.arrow_forwardCalcium intake and bone mineral densityarrow_forwardWhich cause-and-effect relationship is correct for a deficiency of active vitamin D (calcitriol)? bone formation is increased because vitamin D blocks the action of PTH on bone resorption osteoporosis, but not osteomalacia, is associated with a calcitriol deficiency because calcitriol synergizes with PTH in its action on bone hypophosphatemia occurs because of decreased intestinal phosphate absorption hypercalcemia occurs because of decreased intestinal calcium absorptionarrow_forward
- How the insulin help to control the glucose levelarrow_forwardBiological activity of vitamin D includes all of the following, exceptA. Increase of Ca2+ excretion in kidneysB. Intensification of Ca2+ absorption in gutsC. Stimulation of synthesis of bone matrixD. Stimulation of calcification matrix in boneE. Stimulation of metabolism in musclesarrow_forwardDescribe how parathyroid hormone and calcitonininfluence bone health and calcium homeostasisarrow_forward
- Which of the following hormones requires iodine to be active? both calcitriol and parathyroid hormone O parathyroid hormone calcitriol estrogen O thyroid hormonearrow_forwardThe role of thyroid hormones in regulating body functions.arrow_forwardCalcium Homeostasis: Discuss the 2 main hormone and the key vitamin involved in calcium homeostasis. Discuss the stimulus, glands involved in the production/secretion of the hormone, specific target(s), and target's response. Include any disorders related to these hormones.arrow_forward
- The normal level of calcium in blood ranges from 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL. It must be tightly controlled. Mention the hormones that participate in the control of calcium level and explain the role of these hormones in the process of calcium homeostasis.arrow_forwardHow the negative feedback mechanism controls hormonal activity and yet allows hypo- and hypersecretion disorders to occur (for example, hypothyrodism and hyperthyrodism).arrow_forwardIndicate of the statements are TRUE or FALSE. Statements TRUE FALSE Production of blood cells is NOT a function of skeletal system. Thyroid hormone may produce either osteogenesis or osteolysis. Bone matrix is composed primarily of Calcium and Magnesium which maybe withdrawn in small amounts as needed elsewhere in the body. Remodelling of bone is a function of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. A combination of the hormone, adrenal cortisol, and the bone cell, osteoclast, may result in osteoporosis. The addition of bone to its outer surface resulting in growth in diameter is called apposional growth. Once an individual reaches skeletal maturity, the bones undergo years of metabolic rest. Mitosis resulting in elongation of bone occurs at the articular cartilage. Most bones of the body are formed by intramembranous ossification.arrow_forward