If
y
=
f
(
u
)
and
u
=
g
(
x
)
, where f and g are twice differentiable functions, show that
d
2
d
x
2
=
d
2
d
u
2
(
d
u
d
x
)
2
+
d
y
d
u
d
2
u
d
x
2
With integration, one of the major concepts of calculus. Differentiation is the derivative or rate of change of a function with respect to the independent variable.
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