Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 29, Problem 9EQ
From the results of the experiment of Figure 29.13, explain how we know that the kiwis are more closely related to the emu and cassowary than to the moas. Cite particular regions in the sequences that support your answer.
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Chapter 29 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 29.1 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 29.1 - 3. A pair of birds flies to a deserted island and...Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 4COMQCh. 29.2 - 1. Phylogenetic trees are based on
a. natural...Ch. 29.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 29.2 - An approach that is used to construct a...Ch. 29.2 - 4. Horizontal gene transfer is a process in which...Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 29.3 - Prob. 2COMQ
Ch. 29.3 - When the chromosomes of closely related species...Ch. 29 - 1. Discuss the two principles on which evolution...Ch. 29 - 2. Evolution, which involves genetic changes in a...Ch. 29 - Prob. 3CONQCh. 29 - Prob. 4CONQCh. 29 - 5. Would each of the following examples of...Ch. 29 - Distinguish between anagenesis and cladogenesis....Ch. 29 - 7. Describe three or more genetic mechanisms that...Ch. 29 - Explain the type of speciation (allopatric,...Ch. 29 - Prob. 9CONQCh. 29 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 29 - Discuss the major differences among allopatric,...Ch. 29 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 29 - Prob. 13CONQCh. 29 - Would the rate of deleterious or beneficial...Ch. 29 - 15. Which would you expect to exhibit a faster...Ch. 29 - Prob. 16CONQCh. 29 - 17. Plant seeds contain storage proteins that are...Ch. 29 - Take a look at the -globin and -globin amino acid...Ch. 29 - Compare and contrast the neutral theory of...Ch. 29 - Prob. 20CONQCh. 29 - 21. As discussed in Chapter 27, genetic variation...Ch. 29 - Prob. 22CONQCh. 29 - Two populations of snakes are separated by a...Ch. 29 - 2. Sympatric speciation by allotetraploidy has...Ch. 29 - 3. Two diploid species of closely related frogs,...Ch. 29 - A researcher sequenced a portion of a bacterial...Ch. 29 - F1hybrids between two species of cotton,Gossypium...Ch. 29 - 6. A species of antelope has 20 chromosomes per...Ch. 29 - Prob. 7EQCh. 29 - 8. Prehistoric specimens often contain minute...Ch. 29 - From the results of the experiment of Figure...Ch. 29 - InChapter 23, a technique called fluorescence in...Ch. 29 - Prob. 11EQCh. 29 - 12. Discuss how the principle of parsimony can be...Ch. 29 - 13. A homologous DNA region, which was 20,000 bp...Ch. 29 - Prob. 14EQCh. 29 - Prob. 1QSDCCh. 29 - 2. Compare the forms of speciation that are slow...Ch. 29 - 3. Do you think that Darwin would object to the...
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- Given our knowledge of genome sizes in different organisms, would you predict that Homo sapiens or the two-toed salamander (Amphiuma means) has the larger genome?arrow_forwardTake a look at the α-globin and β-globin amino acid sequences. Which sequences are more similar, the α globin in humans and the α globin in horses, or the α globin in humans and the β globin in humans? Based on your answer, would you conclude that the gene duplication that gave rise to the α-globin and β-globin genes occurred before or after the divergence of humans and horses? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardSince nucleotide sequences are more variable than amino acid sequences, you’ll use GAPDH nucleotide sequences to compare across the six taxa you’re analyzing. Suppose that you used BLAST to align all possible pairs of GAPDH sequences among lancelet, lamprey, bass, frog, turtle, and leopard. You would be able to construct the following table showing the percent similarity values across all six taxa. Leopard Turtle Frog Bass Lamprey Lancelet Leopard 100% 83% 80% 81% 76% 74% Turtle – 100% 79% 79% 74% 72% Frog – – 100% 79% 74% 71% Bass – – – 100% 77% 74% Lamprey – – – – 100% 73% Lancelet – – – – – 100% Now you can use this data (similarly to how you used the data in the character table) to build a phylogenetic tree. The distance between species in a tree is directly related to the amount of similarity between their gene sequences. For instance, two species will be closer together if the amount of similarity is high, or far apart if the amount of similarity is low. Which…arrow_forward
- When comparing evolutionary similarities between different genes within a gene family, it is usually more straightforward to compare genes by using the protein sequences of gene products rather than DNA sequences of the genes themselves. Explain why this is the case. (Write 5 points)arrow_forwardExplain how the different “-omics” involved with the three major parts of the central dogma can be used to study this new species. What are molecular techniques/tools (sequencers) that can be used to study each of these? How would you sequence the genome efficiently (i.e., lowest amount of time and money)?arrow_forwardexplain the methods of how we could clone wooly mammothsarrow_forward
- Would you expect the genome of the macaque(a monkey) to be more like that of a mouse or thatof a human? Explain.arrow_forwardThe following two sequences represent the same gene from two different species: Assume that all changes in the third position are synonymous and all in the first and second positions are nonsynonymous. a) How many synonymous sites (positions) are there in the gene? b) How many nonsynonymous sites (positions) are there in the gene? c) How many synonymous substitutions are there between species? d) How many nonsynonymous substitutions are there between species? e) What is the dN/dS ratio? f) What does the dN/dS ratio tell you about the evolution of this sequence? Finally, It has been hypothesized that population size affects genome size. What is the proposed relationship? How can it be explained?arrow_forwardFor each of the following examples, discuss whether the observed result is due to neutral mutations or mutations that have been acted on by natural selection, or both: A. When comparing sequences of homologous genes, differences in the coding sequence are most common at the wobble base (i.e., the third base in each codon). B. For a protein-encoding gene, the regions that encode portions of the polypeptide that are vital for structure and function are less likely to display mutations than other regions of the gene. C. When comparing the sequences of homologous genes, introns usually have more sequence differences than exons.arrow_forward
- What is the difference between the core genome and pan-genome? What might you infer if you compare two genera, one in which the size of the core genome and pan-genome are very similar, and one in which the core genome is much smaller than the pan-genome?arrow_forwardWith the information that a Wright- Fisher population have a size of 10,000 and assume that mutation rate is 2.5x10-8 per site per generation. What is the probability of difference between the two sequences that were randomly taken from the population? Show all working and explanation.arrow_forwardthe difference between the model of the white-eyedfly’s DNA sequence and the model of the red-eyed fly’s DNA sequence?arrow_forward
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